Modelling the dynamics of the forest ecosystem for climate change studies in the boreal conditions

Kellomäki, Seppo; Väisänen, Hannu

doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(96)00081-6

Cited by 166 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Hydrological fluxes are described for canopy and snow accumulation and melt (Canopy and snow model, Koivusalo et al, 2001) and water fluxes and storages along the hillslope (Characteristic profile model, Karvonen et al, 1999). Tree-stand net photosynthesis and production of litter are described with FINNFOR (Kellomäki and Väisänen, 1997) and the decomposition of organic matter with ROMULN. Nitrification and denitrification are calculated with models presented in Jansson and Karlberg (2001).…”

Section: Design and Parameterisation Of Femmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tree-stand net photosynthesis, litter production and soil temperature at different depths were calculated for each forest compartment using the FINNFOR-model (Kellomäki and Väisänen, 1997) at an hourly time-step. FINNFOR was parameterised for dominant and suppressed tree strata according to field measurements at Kangasvaara (Table 1).…”

Section: Net Photosynthesis and Litter-fall Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water and nitrogen processes along a typical water flowpath and streamwater exports from a forested catchment and changes after clear-cutting: a modelling study

Laurén¹,

Finér

Koivusalo³

et al. 2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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A two dimensional model, FEMMA, to describe water and nitrogen (N) fluxes within and from a forested first-order catchment (Kangasvaara in Eastern Finland) was constructed by linking the most significant processes affecting the fluxes of water, ammonium, nitrate and dissolved organic nitrogen along a hillslope from the water divide to the stream. The hillslope represents the average flowpath of water in the catchment and the model was used to estimate the N fluxes for a catchment in eastern Finland before and after clear-cutting. The simulated results were in reasonable agreement with the nitrate, dissolved organic N and dissolved total N measurements from the study catchment and with other results in the literature. According to the simulations, the major sinks of N after clear-cutting were immobilisation by soil microbes, uptake by ground vegetation and sorption to soil. These sinks increased downslope from the clear-cut area, indicating the importance of an uncut buffer zone between the stream and the clear-cut area in reducing N exports. The buffer zone retained 76% of the N flux coming from the clear-cut area. Nitrification was a key process in controlling the N export after clear-cutting and N increases were mainly as nitrate. Most of the annual N export took place during the spring flood, when uptake of N by plants was minimal.

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Section: Design and Parameterisation Of Femmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Net Photosynthesis and Litter-fall Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and nitrogen processes along a typical water flowpath and streamwater exports from a forested catchment and changes after clear-cutting: a modelling study

Laurén¹,

Finér

Koivusalo³

et al. 2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…In the ecosystem model, the dynamics of the ecosystem are directly linked to climate through photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration and indirectly through the hydrological and nitrogen cycles. A detailed description of the model is given below only with respect to the soil frost calculation, as a thorough discussion of the properties of the SOIL model utilised in the overall model has already been presented by Jansson (1991) and Kellomäki & Väisänen (1997).The forcing by atmospheric variables needed in the FinnFor model simulations are given by a weather simulator developed by Strandman et al (1993). The weather simulator outputs the data either with a time step of 1 h, or as a daily mean, depending on the variable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on soil frost under snow cover in a forested landscape

Venäläinen¹,

Tuomenvirta²,

Heikinheimo³

et al. 2001

Clim. Res.

117

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This study was aimed at assessing the potential impacts of climate change on the depth and duration of soil frost under snow cover in forests growing at different geographical locations in Finland. Frost simulations using a process-based forest ecosystem model (FinnFor) were made for Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. stands (height 17 m, stand density 1100 stems ha -1 ) growing on a moraine sandy soil. The climate change forecast used in the computations was based on the global ocean-atmosphere general circulation model HadCM2 that was dynamically downscaled to the regional level. The simulated climate warming during the winter months was about 4 to 5°C by the end of the 21st century. Frost simulations showed that the length of the soil frost period would lessen all over the country. Though winters will be warmer, the associated decrease in snow cover in southern Finland will increase the probability of frozen ground there in the middle of winter compared with the current climate. In central and northern Finland there will be so much snow, even in the future, that the maximum annual soil frost depth will decrease there.KEY WORDS: Climate change · Soil frost · Soil freezing · Snow cover · Hydraulic frost model · Scots pine Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherClim Res 17: [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] 2001 The modelling of frost in the soil profile under snowfree surfaces can be done with the help of the frost sum and soil properties (e.g. Saarelainen 1992, McCormick 1993, Venäläinen et al. 2001. The frost sum is the sum of below-0°C daily mean temperatures calculated from the beginning of the frost period. In Scandinavia the frost period typically starts in October and ends in May, in northern Lapland in June. If there is snow on the ground, the modelling of soil temperature becomes more complex. Models must include many variables describing both meteorological conditions, such as air temperature, short and long wave radiation, amount and type of snow, and soil characteristics, such as thermal conductivity and soil heat capacity (e.g. Bonan 1991, Cox et al. 1999. The influence of snow cover on temperature is illustrated in Fig. 1. The daily variation of air temperature in the case of late winter conditions can be more than 20°C, whereas at a depth of 80 cm below the snow surface the daily cycle is practically negligible.Jansson (1991) introduced a comprehensive soil model known as SOIL that includes the processes relevant for the calculation of soil temperature. Kellomäki & Väi-sänen (1997) have integrated this SOIL model into a process-based forest ecosystem model (FinnFor), which links ecosystem dynamics with climate through selected physiological processes. Peltola et al. (1999) used this model when they studied the consequences of climate warming on soil frost and on the windthrow risk for trees in different geographical locations in Finland. Peltola et al. (1999) used 2 options for climate warming: the increase of temperature was estimated to be...

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“…Proe et al, 1996). Modelling of a boreal forest by Kellomäki and Väisänen (1997) indicated that temperature increase of 4 • C over a 100-year period combined with increased CO 2 could lead to a 32-40% increase in photosynthesis and subsequent stemwood growth. To reflect this possible growth of plants in response to higher temperatures and expected occasional forest harvesting, the uptake of base cations and nitrogen was steadily increased to reach 50% higher values in 2085 and then held constant until 2100.…”

Section: Model Forecastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting long-term recovery of a strongly acidified stream using MAGIC and climate models (Litavka, Czech Republic)

Hardekopf

Horecký

Kopáček³

et al. 2008

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Two branches forming the headwaters of a stream in the Czech Republic were studied. Both streams have similar catchment characteristics and historical deposition; however one is rain-fed and strongly affected by acid atmospheric deposition, the other spring-fed and only moderately acidified. The MAGIC model was used to reconstruct past stream water and soil chemistry of the rain-fed branch, and predict future recovery up to 2050 under current proposed emissions levels. A future increase in air temperature calculated by a regional climate model was then used to derive climate-related scenarios to test possible factors affecting chemical recovery up to 2100. Macroinvertebrates were sampled from both branches, and differences in stream chemistry were reflected in the community structures. According to modelled forecasts, recovery of the rain-fed branch will be gradual and limited, and continued high levels of sulphate release from the soils will continue to dominate stream water chemistry, while scenarios related to a predicted increase in temperature will have little impact. The likelihood of colonization of species from the spring-fed branch was evaluated considering the predicted extent of chemical recovery. The results suggest that the possibility of colonization of species from the spring-fed branch to the rain-fed will be limited to only the acid-tolerant stonefly, caddisfly and dipteran taxa in the modelled period.

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Modelling the dynamics of the forest ecosystem for climate change studies in the boreal conditions

Cited by 166 publications

References 24 publications

Water and nitrogen processes along a typical water flowpath and streamwater exports from a forested catchment and changes after clear-cutting: a modelling study

Water and nitrogen processes along a typical water flowpath and streamwater exports from a forested catchment and changes after clear-cutting: a modelling study

Impact of climate change on soil frost under snow cover in a forested landscape

Predicting long-term recovery of a strongly acidified stream using MAGIC and climate models (Litavka, Czech Republic)

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