Modelling the Safety Levels of ICT Equipment Exposed to Strong Electromagnetic Pulses

Paś, Jacek; Rosiński, Adam; Szulim, Marek; Łukasiak, Jarosław

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19501-4_39

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Values of the characteristics stabilise at the required level of R(t) and K g (t) functions subsequentlyduring system operation - Fig. 8b) -the so called "normal operation" [2,5,6,9,10,11,21]. At FSS operation time of t = 11 [h], R(t) = 0,999992958.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of the process of selected fire signaling systems

Paś¹,

Klimczak²

2019

Diagnostyka

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The article presents a selected model of the operation process of the fire system (FSS). The developed fire scenario for the selected building object is possible for practical implementation only with the use of an appropriate functional structure FSS and technical devices from which the system is built with the appropriate reliability and technical parameters. Practical implementation of FSS in a transport facility is the use of elements, devices, fire panels, detectors, etc., which form a specific connection structure. The use of appropriate technical solutions in the system -redundancy, booking and the principle of safe damage causes that FSS has an optimal structure in terms of reliability. The article presents the selected technical structure of the FSS, which was described by means of the exploitation process graph, taking into account the actual damage intensities and the renewal times for selected devices included in the system. A constant intensity of damage was assumed in the FSS operation process due to the initial aging of individual devices that takes place in the production plant. The development of a model of exploitation process for selected operational states and a computer simulation of a selected FSS enables determination of reliability indicators. StreszczenieW artykule przedstawiono wybrany model procesu eksploatacji systemu sygnalizacji pożarowej (SSP). Opracowany scenariusz pożarowy dla wybranego obiektu budowlanego możliwy jest do realizacji tylko z zastosowaniem odpowiedniej struktury funkcjonalnej SSP i urządzeń technicznych z których zbudowany jest system. System powinien się posiadać odpowiednie parametry niezawodnościowo-techniczne. Realizacja praktyczna SSP w obiekcie to wykorzystanie elementów, urządzeń, central sygnalizacji pożarowej, czujek, itd., które połączone instalacją tworzą określoną strukturę o wyznaczonych relacjach przez projektanta. Stosowanie odpowiednich rozwiązań technicznych w systemietj. rezerwowania i zasady bezpiecznego uszkodzenia powoduje iż SSP posiada optymalną strukturę pod względem niezawodności. W artykule przedstawiono wybraną strukturę techniczną SSP, którą opisano za pomocą grafu procesu eksploatacji uwzględniając rzeczywiste intensywności uszkodzeń i czasy odnowy dla wybranych urządzeń które wchodzą w skład systemu. Założono stałą intensywność uszkodzeń w procesie eksploatacji SSP ze względu na wstępne starzenie poszczególnych urządzeń które ma miejsce w zakładzie produkcyjnym. Opracowany model procesu niezawodnościowo-eksploatacyjnego dla wybranych stanów i symulacja komputerowa w wybranej aplikacji umożliwiają wyznaczenie odpowiednich wskaźników użytkowania SSP.Słowa kluczowe: niezawodność, systemy sygnalizacji pożarowej, eksploatacja, model

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…power supply, operating temperature, permissible changes in supply voltage, etc.) are the same for all manufacturers [4,5,6,9,15,18,21]. The maximum values of repairs (renovations) and damages that occurred in n = 20 FFSs were taken for calculations of operational parameters.…”

Section: Operational Simulation Of a Selected Fire Signalling Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the process of selected fire signaling systems

Paś¹,

Klimczak²

2019

Diagnostyka

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“…We assume that:   = 0 in the absence of electromagnetic interference (the protection measures used completely eliminate the influence of electromagnetic interference on the static converter),   = 1 for the impact of electromagnetic interference (no protective measures are in place to reduce the effects of electromagnetic interference on a static converter). The electromagnetic interference factor  on the analyzed static converter can be used to select rational solutions that reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference (Paś et al, 2020).…”

Section: Frequency Value [Khz] Interference Signal Amplitude Value U[dbµv] For: + 3 Kv Cable and Converter Casing Rejection Value U[dbµv]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reliability-Exploitation Analysis of a Static Converter Taking Into Account Electromagnetic Interference

Paś

Rosiński

Białek

2021

Transport and Telecommunication Journal

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The paper presents issues associated with the impact of electromagnetic interference on static converters, which exploitation in a railway transport environment. The measurements of an electromagnetic field emitted by a static converter were shown. Designs of this kind are exploitation in railway facilities, therefore, they should not disturb the functioning of other equipment, the rail traffic control systems, in particular. As a result of the EMC tests, it was concluded that the permissible values of conducted interference emissions were exceeded. An analysis of the obtained results enabled developing a research model, and a further reliability and exploitation analysis, taking into account electromagnetic interference. This, in turn, enabled determining a relationship allowing to determine the probability of a static converter staying in a state of full ability. The presented discussions regarding a static converter, taking into account electromagnetic interference, allow for the numerical assessment of different types of solutions (technical and organizational), which can be implemented in order to mitigate the impact of electromagnetic interference on a system’s functioning.

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“…Fire alarm systems must meet several requirements, listed both in standards and in guidelines included in regulations (especially in critical infrastructure facilities). One of the most important requirements is: low power consumption (Billinton and Allan 1996;Krzykowski et al 2019;Rosiński et al 2019), functionality (Siergiejczyk and Krzykowska 2014), reliability (Laskowski et al 2015;Mao et al 2019;Jafari et al 2020), vibration resistance (Burdzik et al 2013;Kostrzewski 2018;Kukulski et al 2019;), information quality ) from sensors (Łabowski and Kaniewski 2015;Kaniewski et al 2019), electromagnetic distortion resistance (Siergiejczyk et al 2015;Urbancokova et al 2015;Siergiejczyk et al 2017;Paś et al 2020) and subsystem inspection (Duer et al 2013). One of the effects of complying with the requirements is the introduction of more and more technologically sophisticated FAS (Cadena et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analysis of the operational process of a complex fire alarm system used in transport facilities

et al. 2021

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A fire alarm system (FAS) is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices, which automatically detect and transmit information about fire, but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage signals. Fire alarm systems function in different environmental conditions. During operation they should be in state of fitness. This is determined by the reliability of the assembled units and rational management of the operation process. Therefore a reliability and operational analysis of fire alarm systems as a whole is essential. This article presents an authorial model and an operational and reliability analysis of FAS, which is exploited in a transport building. It also demonstrates relationships occurring in the analysed system, where to an addressable fire alarm central unit with detection loops and control-monitoring loops alarm device lines (with monitored relay outputs for actuation of alarm-signalling devices) were connected. Research and analysis of results for representative FAS, which were exploited in similar environmental conditions, were conducted in order to determine operational and reliability parameters of the investigated system. FAS computer simulation was run during the time t = 1 year of safety system operation. This led to the calculation of the probability value of the analysed FAS staying in the examined operational states.

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Modelling the Safety Levels of ICT Equipment Exposed to Strong Electromagnetic Pulses

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Modeling of the process of selected fire signaling systems

Modeling of the process of selected fire signaling systems

A Reliability-Exploitation Analysis of a Static Converter Taking Into Account Electromagnetic Interference

The analysis of the operational process of a complex fire alarm system used in transport facilities

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