Modelling the spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in foxes

Pleydell, David; Raoul, Francis; Tourneux, François-Pierre; Danson, F. Mark; Graham, Andrew; Craig, Philip S.; Giraudoux, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.05.004

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, red fox densities in the westernmost part of the study area, which was affected by the epidemic of sarcoptic mange since 1997, decreased by up to 10-fold. Variations in the level of environmental contamination with eggs of E. multilocularis are associated with variations in the density of fox faeces, which is influenced by fox density and social structure (Pleydell et al 2004). A reduction in the number of red foxes has notably been shown to reduce the level of environmental contamination by eggs of E. multilocularis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodents as shared indicators for zoonotic parasites of carnivores in urban environments

et al. 2009

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S U M M A R YRodents are shared intermediate or paratenic hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxocara spp. and Toxoplasma gondii, and may serve as valuable indicators for assessing the occurrence and the level of environmental contamination and infection pressure with free-living stages of these zoonotic parasites. We investigated 658 non-commensal rodents for parasite infections in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. The prevalence of infection with E. multilocularis was highest in Arvicola terrestris captured in the north-western area (16 . 5%, CI: 10 . 1%-24 . 8%), possibly reflecting a higher red fox density due to the low incidence of sarcoptic mange in this part of the canton. The exposure rate to Toxocara spp. was highest in the urban area (13 . 2%, CI: 7 . 9%-20 . 3%), and may account for higher densities of domestic carnivore and red fox definitive hosts within the city. Exposure to T. gondii was widespread (5 . 0%, CI: 3 . 2-7 . 4 %), indicating a ubiquitous distribution of infected cat definitive hosts. Interestingly, a widespread distribution of Taenia taeniaeformis, a parasite mainly transmitted by cats, was similarly evidenced in A. terrestris. Distinct spatial patterns for the different zoonotic parasites likely reflected differences in distribution, abundance, and habitat use of the respective definitive hosts. These results highlight the potential value of rodents as shared indicators for these pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodents as shared indicators for zoonotic parasites of carnivores in urban environments

et al. 2009

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“…This may be due to the decreased availability of voles because of a higher urbanisation, and/or to changes in the foxes' feeding habits. Giraudoux et al (2001), Pleydell et al (2004) and Raoul et al (1999) have emphasised the impact of grassland on transmission dynamics, and Stieger et al (2002) have found evidence of infected A. terrestris in the lawns of urban parks within the city of Zürich. A comparison of the features of green areas and parks in different cities may prove an interesting way to understand how urban planning may impact transmission.…”

Section: Dietary Changes In Red Foxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of foxes byEchinococcocus multilocularisin urban and suburban areas of Nancy, France: influence of feeding habits and environment

et al. 2008

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Summary :This study evaluated the impact of biological and environmental factors on the infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) by Echinococcus multilocularis in an endemic area of north-east France. From January 2004 to April 2006, 127 foxes were examined for E. multilocularis and their stomach contents analysed. The effect of year, season, age, sex and urbanisation level on E. multilocularis presence was estimated using a General Linear Model (GLM) with logit link, (i.e. logistic regression). Urbanisation level was the only influencing factor, with a decreasing gradient from rural [54 %,] to peri-urban [31 %, CI 95 % (15-52)] and urban area [4 %,]. The consumption of Arvicola terrestris and Microtus sp., grassland species, the main presumed intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis, was studied by the same approach. The two species were consumed less in the urban area and more in autumn than in spring. Anthropogenic food consumption was linked to urbanisation and to age. The frequency of anthropogenic food consumption decreased in the rural area. A global model explaining the presence of E. multilocularis and including urbanisation level and diet was then elaborated. Independently of urbanisation, there was a suggestion of less E. multilocularis infection with anthropogenic food consumption. Red foxes consuming Microtus sp. and A. terrestris had higher worm burden than those that did not. The results suggest that the decreasing gradient observed from rural to urban area is linked to behaviour and feeding habits. Résumé : INFECTION DES RENARDS PAR ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS DANS LES ZONES URBAINES ET PÉRI-URBAINES

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“…Kriging is widely used in meteorology in order to interpolate values of climate data from observing stations, and have also been used in veterinary epidemiology to model the distribution of various parasites/diseases, e.g. Ixodes scapularis that transmits Lyme disease (Nicholson and Mather, 1996), malaria (Kleinschmidt et al, 2000), alveolar echinococcosis (Conraths et al, 2003;Pleydell et al, 2004), tsetse flies that transmit human African trypanosomiasis (Sciarretta et al, 2005), Calicophoron daubneyi, the causative agent of paramphistomosis in ruminants (Biggeri et al, 2004), Oncomelania hupensins, the intermediate host snail of Schistosoma japonicum (Zhang et al, 2005), as well as co-infection with S. mansoni and hookworm among schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire (Raso et al, 2006).…”

Section: Brief History Of Gis and Rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the application of geographical information systems and remote sensing in veterinary parasitology

et al. 2006

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IntroductionApplication of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in veterinary and human medical sciences, particularly in veterinary and human parasitology, is rapidly advancing. During the past 10-20 years the publication of original research articles and reviews in veterinary and human health with an emphasis on GIS and/or RS has followed an exponential trend (Hendrickx et al., 2004). In addition, recent GIS/RS symposia organized at national and international conferences, and several thematic issues on this topic published in the peer-reviewed international literature (e.g. special theme issues in Advances in Parasitology in 2000and Parassitologia in 2005) demonstrate the wide array of applications and benefits of these tools (Cringoli et al., 2005b). Furthermore, the raised interest about these new technologies is testified by the publication of thematic books pertaining GIS and RS, as well as international peer-reviewed journals, including the current launch of Geospatial Health.The establishment and maintenance of websites as a platform for sharing data, exchanging opinions, experiences and expertise on GIS and RS with an emphasis on animal and public health is also worth mentioning (e.g.http://www.gnosisgis.org; http:// www.gisvet.org).In this review, we first summarize general aspects of GIS and RS, and emphasize the most important applications of these tools in veterinary parasitology, including recent advances in territorial sampling. Disease mapping, spatial statistics, including Bayesian inference, ecological analyses and epidemiological surveillance are summarized in the next section and illustrated with a set of figures. Finally, a set of conclusions is put forward. Abstract. Over the past 10-15 years, significant advances have been made in the development and application of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). In veterinary sciences, particularly in veterinary parasitology, GIS and RS offer powerful means for disease mapping, ecological analysis and epidemiological surveillance and have become indispensable tools for processing, analysing and visualising spatial data. They can also significantly assist with the assessment of the distribution of health-relevant environmental factors via interpolation and modelling. In this review, we first summarize general aspects of GIS and RS, and emphasize the most important applications of these tools in veterinary parasitology, including recent advances in territorial sampling. Disease mapping, spatial statistics, including Bayesian inference, ecological analyses and epidemiological surveillance are summarized in the next section and illustrated with a set of figures. Finally, a set of conclusions is put forward.

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Modelling the spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in foxes

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Rodents as shared indicators for zoonotic parasites of carnivores in urban environments

Rodents as shared indicators for zoonotic parasites of carnivores in urban environments

Infection of foxes byEchinococcocus multilocularisin urban and suburban areas of Nancy, France: influence of feeding habits and environment

New insights into the application of geographical information systems and remote sensing in veterinary parasitology

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