Modelling to analyse the impacts of animal treading effects on soil infiltration

Tian, Yong Q.; McDowell, R. W.; Yu, Qian; Sheath, G. W.; Carlson, W. T.; Gong, Peng

doi:10.1002/hyp.6293

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Grazed EGU and inter-track areas. Also animal treading, particularly from heavier animal classes, have a negative effect on the soil structure and reduces pasture growth (Tian et al, 2006). Nevertheless, track areas probably have a role in intercepting runoff (Nguyen et al, 1998) but also in the accumulation of leaf litter.…”

Section: Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental analysis of drainage and water storage of litter layers

Guevara-Escobar¹,

González-Sosa²,

Ramos-Salinas³

et al. 2007

Preprint

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Leaf litter overlying forested floors are important for erosion control and slope stability, but also reduces pasture growth in silvopastoral systems. Little information exists regarding the value of percolation and storage capacity parameters for litter layers. These estimates are needed for modelling better management practices for leaf lit-5 ter. Therefore, this work measured the effect of four rainfall intensities: 9.8, 30.2, 40.4 and 70.9 mm h −1 on the hydrological response of layers of three materials: recently senesced poplar leaves, fresh grass and woodchips. Maximum storage (C max ), defined as the detention of water immediately before rainfall cessation, increased with rainfall intensity. The magnitude of the increment was 0.2 mm between the lowest and 10 highest rainfall intensities. Mean values of C max were: 1.27, 1.51, 1.67 and 1.65 mm for poplar leaves; 0.63 0.77, 0.73 and 0.76 for fresh grass and; 1.64, 2.23, 2.21 and 2.16 for woodchips. Drainage parameters were: 9.9, 8.8 and 2.2 mm −1 for poplar, grass and woodchips layers. An underlying soil matrix influenced the drainage flow from poplar leaf layers producing pseudo-Hortonian overland flow, but this occurred only when the 15 rainfall intensity was 40.4 and 70.9 mm h −1 and accounted for 0.4 and 0.8‰ of total drainage. On the other hand, the presence of a poplar leaf layer had a damping effect on the drainage rate from the underlying soil matrix, particularly at intermediate rainfall intensities: 30.2 or 40.4 mm h −1 .

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Section: Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present work provided some insight of the effect of rainfall intensity, mass and materials on the drainage response. Models of soil erosion (e.g Tian et al, 2006;. Keim spect to increasing rainfall intensity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of drainage and water storage of litter layers

Guevara-Escobar¹,

González-Sosa²,

Ramos-Salinas³

et al. 2007

Preprint

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“…With decreasing infiltration rates, the potential for saturation can be greater, due to fewer macropores (McDowell et al 2003b;Tian et al 2007). Furthermore, under ponded and waterlogged conditions, the soil may begin to experience oxygen deficiencies (Greenwood & McNamara 1992) that could promote P release and loss as ferric minerals may become reduced in winter (Magid et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cattle treading and soil moisture on phosphorus and sediment losses in surface runoff from pasture

Cournane¹,

McDowell²,

Condron³

2010

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Cattle treading is known to influence surface runoff contaminants such as phosphorus (P) and suspended sediment (SS). The objective of this work was to determine how simulated cattle treading affects losses of P and SS in surface runoff from four soils (Brown, Melanic, Pallic and Recent Gley) with contrasting resistance to treading damage and drainage properties. Soils were excavated, placed in boxes (0.8 m long and 0.20 m wide) and one of three moisture treatments were imposed (10, 50 and 90% of available water holding capacity) before surface runoff was induced via simulated rainfall; P fraction and SS were determined in the resulting runoff. The Pallic and Recent Gley soils lost the most P and SS compared with the better structured Brown and Melanic soils. Greater losses of particulate phosphorous (PP) and SS were observed at higher soil moisture contents. In contrast, dissolved P in runoff was greater at lower soil moisture contents, especially dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), which accounted for up to 90% of total P losses at 10% soil moisture in the Recent Gley soil. Measurement of soil water soluble P, a surrogate for DRP at a range of soil moisture contents, suggests this could be due to lysis of soil microbial biomass upon drying. Although concentrations and loads of DRP in surface runoff were greatest at 10% moisture, the risk of surface runoff is less than the risk posed by PP and SS losses with treading on wet soils, where surface runoff is more likely. This was particularly true for the Pallic and Recent Gley soils. It is therefore recommended that, to minimise SS and P losses to surface water, care be taken when grazing these soils under wet winterÁspring conditions. Although collected under controlled conditions, these data help to explain the wide range of potential SS and P losses that may occur in a field due to hydrologic and soil variation.

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“…Grazing cattle can affect numerous soil properties including: density (McCarty and Mazurak, 1976;Dormaar et al, 1989;Greenwood et la., 1997;Bharati et al, 2002), infiltration rate (Nguyen et al, 1998;Singleton and Addison, 1999;Tian et al, 2007), and organic matter (Thurow et al, 1986;Franzluebbers et al, 2001).…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of this, macroporosity is considered a useful indicator of treading damage (Nguyen et al, 1998). Additionally, numerous studies have found that infiltration rates continue to decline with increased amounts of treading damage (Warren et al, 1986b;Mwendera and Saleem, 1997;Pietola et al, 2005;Tian et al, 2007). For example, Bharati et al 2002observed water infiltration rates as much as five times greater in buffer strips than in pastures.…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the risks of nonpoint source pollution of pasture streams related to grazing management

Schwarte

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Sediment, phosphorus (P), and fecal pathogens lost from grazed pastures contribute to the non-point source pollution of surface waters. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to observe the effect of different grazing management techniques on the amount of time cattle spend in or near pasture streams and on the amount of sediment, P, and fecal pathogen loading of into the streams. During the 2008 and 2009 grazing season, a study was conducted at the Iowa State University Rhodes Research and Demonstration Farm utilizing six adjoining 12.1-ha pastures that were bisected by a 141-m reach of stream. The pastures were grouped into two blocks and assigned one of three treatments: continuous stocking with unrestricted stream access (CSU), continuous stocking with stream access restricted to 4.9-m wide stabilized crossings (CSR), or rotational stocking (RS). Pastures were stocked with 15 fall-calving black Angus cows from mid-May to mid-October for 153 days in both years. For two weeks of each month, GPS collars were placed on at least one cow per pasture. For one of the two weeks, alternative off-stream water was made available to cattle in CSU and CSR pastures to determine the effect of off-stream water on cattle distribution. Each month the cattle were stocked on the pastures, bare and fecal-covered ground was measured. Rainfall simulations were conducted in June, August, and October of 2008, April, June, August, and October of 2009, and April of 2010 at six vegetated and six bare locations on the stream banks in CSU and RS pastures and six vegetated locations on the stream banks within the riparian buffer in CSR pastures. In June and August of both years, two cows per pasture were given a bolus of Cr-mordent fiber to determine total and P fecal output. Shedding of the fecal pathogens was measured by collected fresh fecal samples from all 90 cows in June, August, and September of both years. Stream bank erosion was measured by erosion pins at 10 1 CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION THESIS ORGANIZATION This thesis is organized as an introduction to the research and related literature review followed by a brief description of the hypothesis for developing this research and its objectives. Manuscripts for submission to the Journal of Animal Science and the Journal of Environmental Quality follow the literature review and introduction of research. Following the manuscripts are a general conclusion, appendices of additional information, and acknowledgements.

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Modelling to analyse the impacts of animal treading effects on soil infiltration

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental analysis of drainage and water storage of litter layers

Experimental analysis of drainage and water storage of litter layers

Effects of cattle treading and soil moisture on phosphorus and sediment losses in surface runoff from pasture

Assessment of the risks of nonpoint source pollution of pasture streams related to grazing management

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