Modelos experimentais alternativos para o treinamento de incisões cirúrgicas

Abstract

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Summary Purpose: to develop a course with an experimental alternative model on surgical incision for medical students without training. Methods: 10 male and 10 female students of the 2nd and 3rd years of medical school, without previous surgical training, participated. After an instructive class on surgical incisions, they underwent training in four alternative models: ham with cheese; banana; orange and bacon. In each model were executed linear incisions, circular, square and elliptical. The following were evaluated: the ability to perform a complete or incomplete incision, number of lesions in the fruits when the bark was completely sectioned or with exaggerated depth, and the time required to perform the task. The students were evaluated with the same exercises twice, with the gap of one week, in which they trained at home for approximately 15 minutes per day. The data from the evaluation were annotated in a standard form and statistically compared by the tests of Friedman and test T, being the data of each student control of his own. Results: Regarding the evolution in the time of the incisions, there was a non-significant decrease in the mean, of 29.8 sec. To 28.0 sec. (P = 0.11175). The same occurred with the number of lesions, which dropped from 9.95 to 8.70 (p = 0.8231). When the complete incisions were analyzed, there was a statistically significant increase in the means, which went from 12.55 to 17.85 (p = 0.0008), while the incomplete ones fell from 14.35 to 9.45 (p = 0.0017). Conclusion: The incision training with alternative models was efficient in gaining cognition and skills in all parameters analyzed, with a statistically significant gain in precision and dexterity in performing the incisions. ARTIGO DE