Models of Lexical Access and Morphological Processing

Milin, Petar; Smolka, Eva; Feldman, Laurie Beth

doi:10.1002/9781118829516.ch11

Cited by 108 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…The influence of form similarity should surface in the comparison between conditions (c) and (d), where both types of primes have stems that are form-similar with the target. As in our previous experiments, we were interested in tapping into lexical processing, when participants are aware of the prime and integrate its meaning, and thus applied overt visual priming at a long SOA (see Milin et al, 2017b, for a comparison between masked and overt priming paradigms). We used only verbs as materials to avoid word category effects, and inserted a large number of fillers to prevent expectancy or strategic effects.…”

Section: Listmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current mainstream models of lexical processing assume that complex words such as unmanagability comprise several morphemic constituents, un-, manage, -able, and -ity, that recur in the language in many other words. Since early research in the seventies (e.g., Taft and Forster, 1975), it has been argued that the recognition of morphologically complex words is mediated by such morphemic units (for a review of models of morphological processing, see Milin et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Morphological Priming in German With Naive Discriminative Learning

Baayen

Smolka

2020

Front. Commun.

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Both localist and connectionist models, based on experimental results obtained for English and French, assume that the degree of semantic compositionality of a morphologically complex word is reflected in how it is processed. Since priming experiments using English and French morphologically related prime-target pairs reveal stronger priming when complex words are semantically transparent (e.g., refill-fill) compared to semantically more opaque pairs (e.g., restrain-strain), localist models set up connections between complex words and their stems only for semantically transparent pairs. Connectionist models have argued that the effect of transparency should arise as an epiphenomenon in PDP networks. However, for German, a series of studies has revealed equivalent priming for both transparent and opaque prime-target pairs, which suggests mediation of lexical access by the stem, independent of degrees of semantic compositionality. This study reports a priming experiment that replicates equivalent priming for transparent and opaque pairs. We show that these behavioral results can be straightforwardly modeled by a computational implementation of Word and Paradigm Morphology (WPM), Naive Discriminative Learning (NDL). Just as WPM, NDL eschews the theoretical construct of the morpheme. NDL succeeds in modeling the German priming data by inspecting the extent to which a discrimination network pre-activates the target lexome from the orthographic properties of the prime. Measures derived from an NDL network, complemented with a semantic similarity measure derived from distributional semantics, predict lexical decision latencies with somewhat improved precision compared to classical measures, such as word frequency, prime type, and human association ratings. We discuss both the methodological implications of our results, as well as their implications for models of the mental lexicon.

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Section: Listmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Morphological Priming in German With Naive Discriminative Learning

Baayen

Smolka

2020

Front. Commun.

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“…Ki ne hallott volna olyan példákat, mint "megszentségteleníthetetlenségeskedéseitekért"? Pszicholingvisztikai szempontból igen jelentős, és máig vitatott kérdés, hogyan képesek az anyanyelvi beszélők e formákat a beszédértés során feldolgozni (Gergely-Pléh 1994;Pléh-Lukács 2001;Milin-Smolka-Feldman 2017). Még rejtélyesebb, hogyan sajátítható el a magyar és a hozzá hasonló nyelvek komplex agglutináló morfológiája (Slobin-Bever 1982;Goldowsky-Newport 1993;Pinker 1997;Lukács-Racsmány-Pléh 2001;Pléh-Lukács-Racsmány 2003).…”

Section: Bevezetésunclassified

A magyar morfológia elsajátításának kezdetei

Gervain

2019

Jeny

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Pszicholingvisztikai szempontból igen jelentős, és máig vitatott kérdés, hogyan dolgozzák fel a beszélők a morfológiailag komplex szóalakokat: egészlegesen, elemeikre bontva vagy a két stratégiát flexibilisen használva. Még kevésbé ismert, hogyan sajátítható el a magyar és a hozzá hasonló nyelvek komplex agglutináló morfológiája. A magyar morfológia elsajátítását óvodás korú és annál nagyobb gyermekek beszédében az elmúlt évtizedekben nagy részletességgel feltárták. Sokkal kevesebbet tudunk azonban e tanulási folyamat kezdeteiről. A jelen tanulmány néhány újabb kutatást foglal össze, amelyek magyar csecsemők beszédészlelésében és nyelvfeldolgozásában vizsgálják az alaktan kibontakozásának kezdeteit, különösképpen a magánhangzó-harmónia és a morfológiai dekompozíció megjelenését.

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“…In more dynamic lexical frameworks word meaning is not stored and accessed from a form (e.g., Elman, 2004Elman, , 2009Jones and Mewhort, 2007;Milin et al, 2017Milin et al, , 2018. This general approach does not conceptualize a word as an independent representation within a mental store.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lexical and Frequency Effects on Keystroke Timing: Challenges to a Lexical Search Account From a Type-To-Copy Task

2019

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We explore how timing in identical keystroke sequences that form a stem morpheme are influenced by linguistic knowledge by manipulating lexical status and morphological complexity of words in a type-to-copy task. Starting from the second keystroke, we find that average keystroke latency within a stem morpheme varies according to whole-word frequency (Experiment 1) and lexicality defined by compatibility of the upcoming suffix (e.g., IZE vs IST) with the stem (e.g., NORMAL) that forms the target string (e.g., RENORMALIZE vs. RENORMAL; RENORMALIZE vs. RENORMALIST in Experiments 2 and 3, respectively). Further, although lexical and frequency effects persist over the string as a whole, non-linear mixed-effects regressions reveal position varying lexical effects on keystroke latencies within the stem morpheme. In addition, whole word frequency effects on the first keystroke were present. These results challenge hierarchical accounts of production with modular motor programs where the same letter sequence (for a morpheme) is realized independently of and only after lexical access to the full word in which the letters occur (cf. Crump and Logan, 2010a; Logan and Crump, 2011).

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Models of Lexical Access and Morphological Processing

Cited by 108 publications

References 134 publications

Modeling Morphological Priming in German With Naive Discriminative Learning

Modeling Morphological Priming in German With Naive Discriminative Learning

A magyar morfológia elsajátításának kezdetei

Lexical and Frequency Effects on Keystroke Timing: Challenges to a Lexical Search Account From a Type-To-Copy Task

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