Models of Mixed Matter

Yukalov, V. I.; Yukalova, E. P.

doi:10.1134/s1063779623010045

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 324 publications

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“…Let us bring attention of the reader that the injected energy (197) is defined as the energy per particle. Therefore to compare it with the energies of coherent modes, the corresponding energies below are also defined as characteristic reduced energies, that is the energies per particle.…”

Section: Weak Nonequilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with nonlinear coherent modes

Yukalov,

Yukalova,

Bagnato

2023

Laser Phys.

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The review presents the methods of generation of nonlinear coherent excitations in strongly nonequilibrium Bose-condensed systems of trapped atoms and their properties. Non-ground-state Bose–Einstein condensates are represented by nonlinear coherent modes. The principal difference of nonlinear coherent modes from linear collective excitations is emphasized. Methods of generating nonlinear modes and the properties of the latter are described. Matter-wave interferometry with coherent modes is discussed, including such effects as interference patterns, internal Josephson current, Rabi oscillations, Ramsey fringes, harmonic generation, and parametric conversion. Dynamic transition between mode-locked and mode-unlocked regimes is shown to be analogous to a phase transition. Atomic squeezing and entanglement in a lattice of condensed atomic clouds with coherent modes are considered. Nonequilibrium states of trapped Bose-condensed systems, starting from weakly nonequilibrium state, vortex state, vortex turbulence, droplet or grain turbulence, and wave turbulence, are classified by means of effective Fresnel and Mach numbers. The inverse Kibble–Zurek scenario is described. A method for the formation of directed beams from atom lasers is reported.

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Section: Weak Nonequilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The state of coherent droplets is analogous to heterophase states where different thermodynamic phases are intermixed on mesoscopic scale [195][196][197]. This state exists in the energy interval…”

Section: Droplet Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with nonlinear coherent modes

Yukalov,

Yukalova,

Bagnato

2023

Laser Phys.

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“…The well known examples of materials with strong magnetic anisotropy are magnetic nanomolecules * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and magnetic nanoclusters [12][13][14][15][16]. These materials can possess large spins and strong magnetic anisotropy keeping, at low temperature, below the blocking temperature, the sample magnetization frozen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of dynamic resonance tuning in spintronics of nanosystems

Yukalov¹,

Yukalova²

2022

Laser Phys. Lett.

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A method is advanced allowing for fast regulation of magnetization direction in magnetic nanosystems. The examples of such systems are polarized nanostructures, magnetic nanomolecules, magnetic nanoclusters, magnetic graphene, dipolar and spinor trapped atoms, and quantum dots. The emphasis in the paper is on magnetic nanomolecules and nanoclusters. The method is based on two principal contrivances: First, the magnetic sample is placed inside a coil of a resonant electric circuit creating a feedback field, and second, there is an external magnetic field that can be varied so that to dynamically support the resonance between the Zeeman frequency of the sample and the natural frequency of the circuit during the motion of the sample magnetization. This method can find applications in the production of memory devices and other spintronic appliances.

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Particle fluctuations in systems with Bose–Einstein condensate

Yukalov

2024

Laser Phys.

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Particle fluctuations in systems, exhibiting Bose–Einstein condensation, are reviewed in order to clarify the basic points that attract high interest and often confront misunderstanding. It is explained that the so-called ‘grand canonical catastrophe’, claiming the occurrence of catastrophic particle fluctuations in the condensed phase, treated by grand canonical ensemble, does not exist. What exists is the incorrect use of the grand canonical ensemble, where gauge symmetry is not broken, while the correct description of the condensed phase necessarily requires gauge symmetry breaking. The ideal Bose gas has no catastrophic condensate fluctuations, and moreover there are no condensate fluctuations at all, as soon as gauge symmetry is broken. However it does have anomalous fluctuations of uncondensed particles, which implies its instability. For interacting particles, there are no condensate fluctuations, as soon as gauge symmetry is broken, and anomalous fluctuations of uncondensed particles, when correctly calculated, do not appear. Particle fluctuations in the systems of trapped atoms are discussed. Canonical ensemble and grand canonical ensemble with broken gauge symmetry are equivalent with respect to the number of particle scaling.

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Models of Mixed Matter

Cited by 5 publications

References 324 publications

Trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with nonlinear coherent modes

Trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with nonlinear coherent modes

Method of dynamic resonance tuning in spintronics of nanosystems

Particle fluctuations in systems with Bose–Einstein condensate

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