Moderate Exercise Improves Immunity and Decreases Illness Rates

Abstract

Old age, avoidance of physical activity, mental stress, poor nutrient and energy status, and lack of sleep have all been associated with impaired immune function and elevated risk of infection. Abstract: Moderate exercise training causes favorable perturbations in immunity and a reduction in incidence of upper-respiratory illness (URI). During each bout of moderate exercise, an enhanced recirculation of immunoglobulins, neutrophils, and natural killer cells occurs that persists for up to 3 hours postexercise. This exerciseinduced surge in immune cells from the innate immune system is transient but improves overall surveillance against pathogens. As moderate exercise continues on a near-daily basis for 12 to 15 weeks, the number of symptom days with URI is decreased 25% to 50% compared with randomized sedentary controls. Epidemiological and animal studies support this inverse relationship between URI risk and increased physical activity. Recent evidence indicates that maintaining leanness and a physically active lifestyle during adulthood reduces systemic inflammation, an underlying factor in multiple chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory influence of near-daily physical activity in lowering C-reactive protein, total blood leukocytes, interleukin-6, and other inflammatory cytokines may play a key role in lowering risk of cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia, and dementia.

Evidence for Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise in CKD

“…It has been suggested that regular participation in moderate-intensity exercise may enhance certain aspectsofimmunefunctionandexertanti-inflammatory effects. [8][9][10][11][12][13] These effects are believed to contribute, at least in part, to the lower risk of infection and CVD that is observed in physically active individuals compared with their sedentary counterparts. 12,13 Although the potential anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise in CKD patients have been recognized, research in this area is lacking, particularly in predialysis patients.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] These effects are believed to contribute, at least in part, to the lower risk of infection and CVD that is observed in physically active individuals compared with their sedentary counterparts. 12,13 Although the potential anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise in CKD patients have been recognized, research in this area is lacking, particularly in predialysis patients. 14,15 Apart from the potential benefits, given that exercise is currently advocated in the routine clinical care of CKD patients, 16,17 it is also paramount to determine if exercise is safe to their underlying compromised immunity and inflammatory status.…”

A large-scale study of food purchases and health outcomes: study and implications (Preprint)

“…We are exploring the possibility of capturing exercising levels across an entire city with wearable devices. Too see why this is important, consider that by exercising (even a little), an individual boosts his/her immune system, achieves a 20-50 percent reduction in sick days in the short term, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases in the long term [8].…”

“…By exercising, people boosts their immune system and achieve a 20-50% reduction in sick days [8]. Kids who run around for just six minutes increase their levels of immune cells by nearly 50%, elderly women who take half-hour-a-day walks reduce their risk of getting an upperrespiratory illness down to 20% [9], and conditioned runners have their risk to just 8% [10].…”

Parâmetros bioquímicos e cinética de lactato sanguíneo de sujeitos HIV+ submetidos ao treinamento físico combinado

“…O sistema inato caracteriza-se por responder aos estímulos de maneira não específi ca, sendo composto pelas seguintes células: neutrófi los, eosinófi los, basófi los, monócitos e células natural killer, e por fatores solúveis: sistema complemento, proteínas de fase aguda e enzimas. O sistema imune adaptativo caracteriza-se por responder ao antígeno de modo específi co, apresentando memória e é composto por linfócitos B e T [23][24][25][26] . Os linfócitos B são células capazes de produzir anticorpos, sendo responsáveis pela imunidade humoral.…”