Moderate-intensity exercise and renin angiotensin system blockade improve the renovascular hypertension (2K1C)-induced gastric dysmotility in rats

Lima, Erick Bryan de Sousa; Oliveira, Lúcia Castro Santos de; Cardoso, Geovane da Silva; Telles, Pedro Victor Nogueira; Lima, Lara da Costa; Sousa, Jessica Fernanda Reis e; Araújo, Ruan Pablo Nunes; Oliveira, Aldeídia Pereira de; Santos, Rivaldo Vital dos; Santos, Armênio Aguiar dos; Silva, Moisés Tolentino Bento da

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.053

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We previously showed that 2K1C hypertension increases the gastric retention of a liquid test meal in awake rats, prevented by treatment with aliskiren, captopril or losartan, blockers of renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and ATR 1 , respectively (Lima et al, 2018). We also found that the performance of chronic physical exercise also reverted the 2K1C hypertension-induced gastric emptying delay, in the same way as treatment with these drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Moderate Physical Exercise Activates ATR2 Receptors, Improving Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Duodenum of 2K1C Hypertensive Rats

et al. 2021

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Background: In addition to the cardiovascular and renal systems, the gastrointestinal tract also contains angiotensin ATR1a, ATR1b, and ATR2. We previously observed that the 2Kidney-1Clip hypertension model elicits physical exercise and gastrointestinal dysmotility, which is prevented by renin-angiotensin system blockers. Here, we investigate the effect of physical exercise on inflammation, stress biomarkers, and angiotensin II receptors in the duodenum of 2K1C rats.Methods: Arterial hypertension was induced by the 2K1C surgical model. The rats were allocated in Sham, 2K1C, or 2K1C+Exercise groups. One week after surgery, they were submitted to a physical exercise protocol (running 5x/week, 60min/day). Next, we assessed their intestinal contractility, cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), oxidative stress levels (MPO, GSH, MDA, and SOD), and the gene expression of angiotensin receptors (ATR1A, ATR1B, and ATR2).Results: In comparison with the Sham group, the 2K1C arterial hypertension decreased (p<0.05) the intestinal contractility. In comparison with 2K1C, the 2K1C+Exercise group exhibited lower (p<0.05) MPO activity (22.04±5.90 vs. 78.95±18.09 UMPO/mg tissue) and higher (p<0.05) GSH concentrations in intestinal tissues (67.63±7.85 vs. 31.85±5.90mg NPSH/mg tissue). The 2K1C+Exercise group showed lower (p<0.05) cytokine levels in the intestine than 2K1C rats. In comparison with the Sham group, the 2K1C+Exercise rats showed higher (p<0.05) gene expression of ATR2 in the duodenum.Conclusion: 2K-1C hypertension elicits an oxidative stress and inflammation process in the duodenum. Physical exercise modulates the expression twice as much of ATR2 receptors, suggesting possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects induced by exercise.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Renovascular hypertension (2K1C) was originally designed in dogs by Goldblatt and co-workers (1934), and was later adapted for rats (Lima et al, 2018). After anesthesia with ketamine (80 mg/kg i.m) and xylazine (20 mg/kg, i.m.…”

Section: Induction Of 2k1c Renovascular Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate Physical Exercise Activates ATR2 Receptors, Improving Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Duodenum of 2K1C Hypertensive Rats

et al. 2021

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“…In in vivo experiments involving awake or freely moving animals, baseline values are used from sham groups, when the animals, in addition to the implantation of electrodes for continuous ECG recording, are also subjected to other surgical procedures as preparation for the further course of the experiment, but without subsequent targeted experimental intervention. For example, preparation for coronary or femoral artery occlusion (Aires et al, 2017; De La Fuente et al, 2013; Nobre et al, 2006), catheterization (Beckers et al, 2006; Blanco et al, 2015; Fiorino et al, 2012; Krüger et al, 1997, 2000; Mostarda et al, 2009; Müller‐Ribeiro et al, 2017; Quagliotto et al, 2015; Ramaekers et al, 2002; Ribeiro et al, 2021; Sallam et al, 2016, 2017; Shi et al, 2020; Simoes et al, 2016), ligation (Lima et al, 2018; Maida et al, 2017; Ruiz et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2016), bile duct ligation (Haddadian et al, 2013), cannulation (Beltrán et al, 2020; Da Silva et al, 2002; Neto et al, 2017; Sant'Ana et al, 2011), implantation of stimulators (Dai et al, 2020; Domingos‐Souza et al, 2021), or if they have already been administered substances beforehand (Lo Giudice et al, 2002).…”

Section: Hrv: Control (Baseline) Values From Frequency‐domain Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to investigations that analyzed changes in autonomic nervous system activity using frequency‐domain analysis, other studies have used time‐domain analysis of HRV. As in frequency‐domain studies, baseline values not only in sham groups were used (Abulaiti et al, 2011; De La Fuente et al, 2013; Houshmand et al, 2017; Krüger et al, 1997, 2000; Lima et al, 2018; Müller‐Ribeiro et al, 2017; Sallam et al, 2016, 2017; Silva, Geraldini, et al, 2017; Silva, Silva, et al, 2017; Soler et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2016; Xu et al, 2020), but also from groups in which the values were recorded only before the experimental intervention itself and the animals did not undergo surgical preparation (control) (Barbier et al, 2006; Beckers et al, 2006; Beltrán et al, 2020; Couderc et al, 2002; Farraj et al, 2009; Fazan Jr. et al, 2015; Hashimoto et al, 1999; Hazari et al, 2021; Koresh et al, 2016; Lamb et al, 2012; Lin et al, 2016; Maida et al, 2017; Mangin et al, 1998; Mostarda et al, 2009; Pereira‐Junior et al, 2010; Powell et al, 2021; Ramaekers et al, 2002; Ribeiro et al, 2021; Saalfield & Spear, 2014; Scridon et al, 2012; Shi et al, 2017; Simoes et al, 2016; Zajączkowski et al, 2018).…”

Section: Hrv: Control (Baseline) Values From Frequency‐domain Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability in male rats

Švorc,

Grešová,

Švorc

2023

Physiological Reports

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The cardiovascular system is primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system, and any changes in sympathetic or parasympathetic activity also have an impact on myocardial activity. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a readily available metric used to assess heart rate control by the autonomic nervous system. HRV can provide information about neural (parasympathetic, sympathetic, reflex) and humoral (hormones, thermoregulation) control of myocardial activity. Because there are no relevant reference values for HRV parameters in rats in the scientific literature, all experimental results are only interpreted on the basis of changes from currently measured control or baseline HRV values, which are, however, significantly different in individual studies. Considering the significant variability of published HRV data, the present study focused primarily on comparing control or baseline HRV values under different conditions in in vivo experiments involving rats. The aim of the study was therefore to assess whether there are differences in the starting values before the experiment itself.

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“…We hypothesized that gradually released aliskiren from polymer-based nanoparticles could at least partially solve the problem of bioavailability and frequency of the treatment. Therefore, we used a lower dose of aliskiren (25 mg/kg/day) in our experiment than is usual in other studies [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Nanoparticle-Loaded Aliskiren on Cardiovascular System in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

et al. 2019

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Aliskiren, a renin inhibitor, has been shown to have cardioprotective and blood pressure (BP) lowering effects. We aimed to determine the effects of nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren on BP, nitric oxide synthase activity (NOS) and structural alterations of the heart and aorta developed due to spontaneous hypertension in rats. Twelve week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into the untreated group, group treated with powdered or nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren (25 mg/kg/day) and group treated with nanoparticles only for 3 weeks by gavage. BP was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography. NOS activity, eNOS and nNOS protein expressions, and collagen content were determined in both the heart and aorta. Vasoactivity of the mesenteric artery and wall thickness, inner diameter, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the aorta were analyzed. After 3 weeks, BP was lower in both powdered and nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren groups with a more pronounced effect in the latter case. Only nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren increased the expression of nNOS along with increased NOS activity in the heart (by 30%). Moreover, nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren decreased vasoconstriction of the mesenteric artery and collagen content (by 11%), and CSA (by 25%) in the aorta compared to the powdered aliskiren group. In conclusion, nanoparticle-loaded aliskiren represents a promising drug with antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects.

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Moderate-intensity exercise and renin angiotensin system blockade improve the renovascular hypertension (2K1C)-induced gastric dysmotility in rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Moderate Physical Exercise Activates ATR2 Receptors, Improving Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Duodenum of 2K1C Hypertensive Rats

Moderate Physical Exercise Activates ATR2 Receptors, Improving Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Duodenum of 2K1C Hypertensive Rats

Heart rate variability in male rats

Protective Effects of Nanoparticle-Loaded Aliskiren on Cardiovascular System in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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