Moderate systemic hypothermia decreases burn depth progression

Cooling of burns: Mechanisms and models

“…These studies have established that there is a clinical benefit in terms of healing [9] and reducing the need for surgery [10,51] from the administration of CWT to superficial burns, and that these benefits have been reproduced in some animal studies, when the correct burn depth and modality of CWT has been selected [13][14][15]46,52]. The mechanism by which the benefit is delivered is not thermal energy removal, or oedema reduction, and pharmacological antagonism of histamine release has been ineffective in both animals [25,27,28] and humans [29].…”

“…A rat model has shown that modest systemic hypothermia of 31-33 8C core temperature reduced the progression of ''second degree'' burns as measured histologically, even when delayed by 2 h, and had a consistent and reproducible down-regulatory effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) mRNA, while up-regulating the expression of CXCL13, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, CCL6 and CCL24. These molecules have important functions in B-cell maturation, reduction of endotoxin load and improved bacterial opsonisation; keratinocyte proliferation; and collagen synthesis and deposition by fibroblasts [46]. This model used within-animal control areas, and it is worth noting that previous studies found small %TBSA burns had a systemic effect on tissue oedema, which could confound their conclusions [25].…”

Curbing Inflammation in Burn Patients

“…Systemic hypothermia decreased burn depth progression in a rodent model and upregulation of skin-protective genes and downregulation of detrimental tissue remodeling genes by hypothermia may contribute to its beneficial effects. Rizzo et al [86] applied moderate hypothermia in the range of 31–33°C for 4 h both immediately after burn injury and in a delayed fashion, beginning 2 h after thermal injury model in rats. Immediate hypothermia decreased burn depth progression at 6 h after injury, and this protective effect was sustained for at least 24 h. Increased expression of several skin-protective genes and decreased expression of tissue remodeling genes were discovered in the skin biopsy samples of rats subjected to immediate hypothermia.…”

CCL-2 as a possible early marker for remission after traumatic spinal cord injury

“…12 Due to their relevance in (neuro-) inflammatory processes, in particular after traumatic injuries, we decided to investigate on the serum levels of CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-4 and CXCL-5. [13][14][15][16] The results of this study intend to provide a novel possible diagnostic method to help predicting the potential remission after SCI and evaluating clinical therapies regarding their success on remission levels. 17,18 Therefore, this study focused on the following research questions:…”