Moderation of Fatigue and Stress in the Carry-over of Self-Regulation and Self-Efficacy for Exercise to Self-Regulation and Self-Efficacy for Managed Eating

Abstract

Behavioral treatments for morbid obesity have not been effective, possibly because of a poor understanding of the relations of psychosocial factors and exercise and eating behaviors. Recent research suggests that exercise program-induced improvements in self-efficacy and self-regulatory skills use may carry-over to self-efficacy and self-regulation for controlled eating. However, for individuals with morbid obesity, fatigue and anxiety may moderate these relationships. The purpose of this research was to evaluate this moderation. Adults with Grade 3 obesity (M BMI = 46.0 kg/m 2 ) participated in 26 weeks of cognitive-behaviorally supported exercise paired with 12 weeks of either nutrition education (n = 95) or a cognitive-behavioral nutrition component (n = 109). There were significant improvements in self-regulation and self-efficacy for exercise, and self-regulation and self-efficacy for controlled eating, which did not differ by treatment condition. Bivariate relationships between changes in self-regulation for exercise and self-regulation for controlled eating (β = .63), and changes in exercise self-efficacy and self-efficacy for controlled eating (β = .51), were strong. Moderation of these relationships by fatigue and anxiety was either significant or marginally significant (ps < .01 and ps < .08, respectively). Both changes in self-regulation for controlled eating and self-efficacy for controlled eating significantly contributed to the explained variance in BMI change (R 2 = .30). Implications of the findings for behavioral weight-loss treatment for those with morbid obesity were discussed.

Patient self-efficacy and spouse perception of spousal support are associated with lower patient weight: Baseline results from a spousal support behavioral intervention

“…Some studies suggest that diet and exercise behaviors share underlying selfregulatory skills (Annesi, 2011;Mata et al, 2009). Our findings support this idea in two ways: First, patient ratings of self-efficacy for diet and for exercise were correlated, and second, only diet variables remained associated with lower weight in the multivariable model, suggesting that diet and exercise measures were tapping into one underlying factor.…”

Psychometric Properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale among Undergraduate Students in Malaysia

“…In addition, they tend to give up quickly when faced with difficulty or failure, and they tend to easily lose faith in their capabilities. Many studies have suggested that various affective symptoms can negatively influence exercise SE, such as depression (6–8) and anxiety (9). Moreover, the factors that have been related to decreased physical activity (PA) include medical problems, negative experiences, a fear of activity related experiences, having a past history of a sedentary lifestyle, an insufficient understanding of the benefits of PA, living in an unsafe neighbourhood and a lack of companionship (10, 11).…”

Exercise self-efficacy moderates the relation between anxiety sensitivity and body mass index and exercise tolerance in treatment-seeking smokers

“…Increases in exercise self-efficacy are evident in exercise programs (Higgens, Middleton, Winner, & Janelle, 2014) and changes in exercise self-efficacy can affect self-efficacy for controlled eating (Annesi, 2011a,b; Annesi & Marti, 2011). Data also suggest that various affective symptoms can negatively affect exercise self-efficacy, such as depression (Clum, Rice, Broussard, Johnson, & Webber, 2014; Craft, Perna, Freund, & Culpepper, 2008; Kangar, Baldwin, Rosenfield, Smits, & Rethorst, 2015) and anxiety (Annesi, 2011c). Although exercise self-efficacy is important to physical activity and affective symptoms influence exercise self-efficacy (Clum et al, 2014), there is little empirical work examining how this cognitive process relates to the interplay between anxiety sensitivity and physical activity-relevant factors, or specifically among individuals who are also cigarette smokers.…”