Moderators of treatment efficacy in a randomized controlled trial of trauma-sensitive yoga as an adjunctive treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Abstract

Objective: This study is a follow-up to van der Kolk et al. (2014), a trial conducted through the Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, which demonstrated treatment efficacy and remains the only randomized controlled trial of trauma-sensitive yoga. The present process study extends the outcomes study by examining treatment moderators of the original trial. Method: Sixty-four women with childhood interpersonal trauma histories and posttraumatic stress disorder participated in the interventions: Trauma Center Trauma-Sensitive Yoga (TCTSY) versus active control (women’s health education). Analyses explored if adult-onset interpersonal trauma and baseline psychological measures (clinician-rated and self-reported PTSD, dissociation, depression, psychological functioning) moderated PTSD changes. Results: Three of six measures had small effects in moderating the relationship between adult-onset interpersonal trauma and TCTSY efficacy, in which TCTSY was most efficacious for those with fewer adult-onset interpersonal traumas. Within this subgroup, various levels of all baseline measures except depression indicated that TCTSY was more effective in reducing PTSD than the active control condition. Conclusions: By delineating client characteristics most associated with PTSD improvements, practitioners may best target yoga interventions to increase effectiveness.

Comparative Effectiveness of Multiple Exercise Interventions in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

“…1 . A total of 6456 participants were finally included from 117 RCTs (depression: n = 70 [ 34 – 39 , 57 – 120 ]; anxiety disorder: n = 5 [ 121 – 125 ]; PTSD: n = 11 [ 43 , 126 – 135 ]; and schizophrenia: n = 31 [ 136 – 166 ] [overall symptoms: n = 16; positive symptoms: n = 26; negative symptoms: n = 28]) published between 1987 and 2021 (Additional files 5 and 6 : Appendixes S4 and S5). The sample size of RCTs ranged from 20 to 244 participants.…”

“…The age of participants ranged between 19 and 76 years old. Fifty-six studies (1510 participants) examined the effects of AE [ 34 , 36 – 38 , 57 – 59 , 61 , 64 , 66 , 67 , 69 – 72 , 74 – 78 , 85 , 86 , 88 – 96 , 98 , 101 , 102 , 106 , 107 , 109 , 111 , 112 , 114 , 118 , 121 , 122 , 124 , 136 – 138 , 141 , 147 , 150 , 155 – 158 , 160 , 164 ], while 9 studies (161 participants) evaluated RE [ 57 , 60 , 63 , 70 , 122 , 125 , 134 , 149 , 166 ], 49 studies (1530 participants) evaluated MBE [ 35 , 43 , 62 , 73 , 79 – 84 , 87 , 93 , 97 , 99 , 100 , 103 – 105 , 110 , 115 – 117 , 119 , 120 , ...…”

“…A total of 36 studies directly investigated the treatment effects on mental health symptoms of AE vs. control condition [ 34 , 36 , 58 , 59 , 61 , 64 , 67 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 – 77 , 85 , 86 , 88 – 91 , 94 – 96 , 98 , 101 , 106 , 107 , 112 , 114 , 118 , 121 , 124 , 137 , 156 , 158 , 160 ], while 36 studies evaluated MBE vs. the control [ 35 , 43 , 62 , 73 , 79 – 84 , 87 , 97 , 99 , 100 , 103 – 105 , 110 , 115 – 117 , 119 , 120 , 123 , 126 – 131 , 142 , 144 , 152 , 153 , 161 , 162 ], 5 studies evaluated RE vs. the control [ 60 , 63 , 125 , 134 , 149 ], 9 studies evaluated ME vs. the control [ 39 , 65 , 108 , 113 , ...…”

“…For PTSD, a total of 11 studies with 576 participants were included [ 43 , 126 – 135 ] ( Fig. 3 d ) .…”

“…The ImageJ processing program [ 33 ] (V.1.50i, https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/ ) was used to calculate pixel value statistics of defined selections and to extract numerical data from figures in six of the studies [ 34 – 39 ]. We contacted the authors of five of the studies [ 40 – 44 ] via email and the ResearchGate network to request data twice a month; two responded positively [ 43 , 44 ].…”