Modern aspects of the use of natural polyphenols in tumor prevention and therapy

Abstract

Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites or organic compounds synthesized by them. In other words, these are molecules that are found in plants. Due to the wide variety of polyphenols and the plants in which they are found, these compounds are divided according to the source of origin, the function of the polyphenols, and their chemical structure; where the main ones are flavonoids. All the beneficial properties of polyphenols have not yet been studied, since this group of substances is very extensive and diverse. However, most polyphenols are known to be powerful antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory effects. Polyphenols help fight cell damage caused by free radicals and immune system components. In particular, polyphenols are credited with a preventive effect that helps protect the body from certain forms of cancer. The onset and progression of tumors may be related directly to oxidative stress, or inflammation. These processes can increase the amount of DNA damage and lead to loss of control over cell division. A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress uncontrolled by antioxidants or an uncontrolled and prolonged inflammatory process increases the risk of developing sarcoma, melanoma, and breast, lung, liver, and prostate cancer. Therefore, a more in-depth study of the effect of polyphenolic compounds on certain signaling pathways that determine the complex cascade of oncogenesis is a promising direction in the search for new methods for the prevention and treatment of tumors.

Antinociceptive Effect of Dillenia indica (Linn.) Mediated by Opioid and Cannabinoid Systems: Pharmacological and Chemical Studies

“…As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1, glycosylated flavonoids represent most of the chemical constituents identified in the different extracts of D. indica , whose retention times and m/z data were compatible with available literature data. It is well known that flavonoids, the larger class of natural polyphenols, are quite abundant and studied as phytochemicals, with numerous reports for their wide biological properties, including antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antibiotic, anti‐diabetic, and antifungal activities [38–48] …”

“…It is well known that flavonoids, the larger class of natural polyphenols, are quite abundant and studied as phytochemicals, with numerous reports for their wide biological properties, including antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, anti-diabetic, and antifungal activities. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] In addition to the chemical study, the comparison of the generated mass spectra with the existing standards in the library of the GNPS platform allows us to annotate the location of the previously identified metabolites and assign them to clusters of the respective chemical class. Clusters obtained by GNPS analysis are generated by the similarity of one substance with another, resulting in substances of the same chemical class being expected to be grouped.…”

Therapeutic Effects of Natural Products on Liver Cancer and Their Potential Mechanisms

“…Polyphenols, typically abundant in vegetables and fruits, serve as secondary metabolites in many plants and represent the richest natural source of antioxidants in the human diet. Numerous studies suggest that consuming polyphenol-rich foods can help prevent and treat common chronic diseases [ 104 ]. Due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, polyphenols exhibit a significant therapeutic effect on liver cancer [ 105 ].…”

Control of Redox Homeostasis by Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer

“…However, there is a paucity of information on their mode of action. Estrogens play key roles in breast cancer progression and the interaction between endogenous steroid hormones and natural dietary polyphenols is highly dependent on dose and time of therapy to avoid undesirable effects [ 45 ].…”