Modern concepts of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells and the creation of bioengineering structures for bone tissue repair

Abstract

The following review summarizes the latest studies on in vitro osteogenic mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and selection of scaffolds that can maintain the viability and functional activity of these cells for bone tissue repair. In the last time, there have been investigated a lot of issues such as the stimulation and development osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, the growth factors – inducers of osteogenesis in MSCs, the creation of 3D constructions of cells in different scaffolds. A deeper understanding of the osteogenic differentiation mechanisms can result in the novel therapeutic opportunities of bone disease treatment. Special attention is given to materials for scaffold designs and template–cell interactions, which is of great importance for the structuring and functioning of an engineered tissue.