Modern Confucian Epistemology: From Reason to Intuition—And Back

Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity: The heterogeneity of entrepreneurial team and organizational resilience

“…In contrast, resilience is seen as an essential success factor in coping with unexpected threats and responding to crisis changes ( Koh and Ong, 2021 ). Organizational resilience is an extension of the concept of resilience in ecology and physics ( Zhang, 2021 ), used initially to measure a system’s ability to recover after a disaster ( Roker, 2021 ). The multi-dimensional and multi-level characteristics of organizational resilience make scholars’ interpretation of its concept gradually enter the “jungle state.” Representative literature, such as Huang (2007) , pointed out from the perspective of ecology that organizational resilience is to re-establish a balanced adaptive behavior between the organization and the existing environment.…”

“…At present, scholars worldwide have different views on the relationships of the team heterogeneity and organizational resilience. Some scholars start from the theory of information decision-making, hold that team members with high heterogeneity are conducive to the sharing of knowledge and information within the team and organizational decision-making ( Karlsson, 2021 ; Roker, 2021 ). According to the theory of social cognition and team cooperation, other scholars believe that the higher the degree of Heterogeneity of team members, the greater the negative effects of cognitive divergence and goal conflict between teams, thus affects the team member overall cooperation level and the efficiency ( Bika and Kalantaridis, 2019 ).…”

“…(4) Organizational resilience is a complex problem ( Fan, 2021 ). Future research can try to introduce cross-hierarchical analysis or configuration methods to integrate factors at different levels, such as environment, organization, team, and employee, into the study ( Carleo, 2021 ; Cheng, 2021 ; Roker, 2021 ; Zhang, 2021 ).…”

Indigenization and authentization of epistemology in China’s social work: Moving beyond Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism

“…Knowledge gained through sensory perception or observation can then be elevated to a higher order of knowing, which is closer to the Western ideas of wisdom and insight, through reflection and forward thinking (Mi, 2017). Furthermore, knowledge is often expected to serve pragmatic social and moral functions (Rošker, 2021b), and learning is a highly valued pathway to knowledge and wisdom (Mi, 2017). The emphasis on ongoing learning, ultimately acquiring knowledge with a moral purpose (public good) can therefore be seen as a culturally facilitated position among Chinese social workers.…”

“…Knowledge of what is real is intimately tied to the ontological nature of things. The primary methods include introspection and intuitive perception of reality (Rošker, 2021b). Confucian scholars tend to limit themselves to what is observable in the natural as well as the social and moral order, but will not speculate on what is unobservable like the afterlife and the spiritual order (Confucius, 1999).…”