Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: evidence from 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey

Abstract

Background: Modern contraceptive methods enable couples to enjoy sexual intercourse without fear of the risk of pregnancy at any desired time. The evidence from different studies done in Ethiopia on modern contraceptive method utilization was highly varied and not conclusive. Therefore, the current study aims to study the magnitude of modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia based on 2016 EDHS data. Method: A nationally representative 2016 EDHS data collected between January 18/ 2016 to June 27/2016 were used. Descriptive studies and logistic regression models were used to summarize descriptive data and measure statistical association respectively. Adjusted odds ratio and confidence interval were respectively used to measure association and its statistical significance. Finally, statistical significance was declared using a confidence interval. Result: In the current study, the overall modern contraceptive utilization among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia was 3203 (20.42%). The injectable contraceptive method was the most commonly used modern contraceptive method, 1886(58.88%) followed by implant/Norplant, 779 (24.32%). The results of multivariable logistic regression showed that age, residence, region, woman's occupation, number of living children, husband's education, age at first sexual intercourse, husband's desire for more children, wealth index and watching TV were independently associated to modern contraceptive utilization among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Conclusions: The magnitude of modern contraceptive utilization among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia in the current study is unexpectedly low. Age, residence, region, woman's occupation, number of living children, husband's education, age at first sexual intercourse, husband's desire for more children, wealth index and watching TV were independent predictors of modern contraceptive use among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Any intervention strategy that promotes modern contraceptive method utilization should consider these factors for its better success.

Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study

“… 41 We also observed in our study that nulliparous women were less likely to use CPs than parous women. This finding is consistent with previous studies, 16 42 but contrary to the findings of Geremew and Gelagay. 34 …”

“…41 We also observed in our study that nulliparous women were less likely to use CPs than parous women. This finding is consistent with previous studies, 16 42 but contrary to the findings of Geremew and Gelagay. 34 In the results, we reported that women resident in rural settings were associated with reduced use of CPs compared with their colleagues from urban settings.…”

Complex Samples Logistic Regression Analysis of Predictors of the Use of Modern Contraceptives Among Married or In-Union Women in Ethiopia.

“…Women who were sexually active four weeks before the survey were 3.614 times more likely to use a modern contraceptive method than women who were sexually inactive in the last 4 weeks. Also, the study veri ed that respondents education level, husband/partner's educational level, age difference between husband and women, and mass media exposure were signi cantly associated with modern contraceptive use in the bivariate analysis but have no statistical signi cant association after controlling for potential confounders (Table 2 ; which is consistent with results from Ethiopia and Zambia [13,16,17]. However, we found that there was no signi cant association between women aged (20-24 years) and contraceptive use.…”

“…Previous studies have considered the determinants of contraceptive use in Ethiopia [12,13]. In most of the previous studies, complex sampling design is not considered and since this data is from multistage sampling, which involves the use of different strata, clustered sampling techniques and unequal selection probabilities, it is inappropriate to conduct analysis without taking the survey sampling designs into account.…”

Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among married and cohabiting women in Papua New Guinea: a population-based cross-sectional study

“…A woman was deemed to be a modern contraceptive user if she uses at least one of the following methods: female sterilization, male sterilization, IUD, injectable, implants, pills, male condom, female condom, emergency contraception, and standard days method. On the other hand, non-users are those who resort to the use of traditional methods such as rhythm method, lactation amenorrhea method, and withdrawal or if she had not been using any type of contraception at all [ 26 – 28 ].…”