Modern Diagnostics of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children

Abstract

Sepsis is still one of the leading causes of child mortality worldwide, despite advances in its diagnosis and treatment. Difficulties in recognizing the transition of a localized infectious-inflammatory process to a generalized one lead to a belated diagnosis and the beginning of therapy. Meanwhile, the earlier treatment is started, the higher the patients' chances of life. Early diagnosis of sepsis, which corresponds to modern ideas about this condition, is one of the main tasks for both scientists and practitioners. The aim of this review is to study modern recommendations for the diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock in children. The article reflects the epidemiology, etiological features, modern definitions and methods of diagnosis of pediatric sepsis.

Acute kidney injury and mortality in pediatric Lassa fever versus question of access to dialysis

“…Septic shock was defined based on the presence of signs of cardiovascular organ dysfunction (capillary refill >5 seconds, systolic blood pressure <5 th centile for age, a rapid thready pulse and cold extremities) (Biban et al, 2012; Martin and Weiss, 2015; Vekaria-Hirani et al 2019; Bulatova et al 2020). A high serum transaminase level was taken as AST and/or ALT >150 iu/l (McCormick et al, 1986) or >3 times normal (Bulatova et al, 2020).…”

“…* Encephalopathy, shock, bleeding. ** Serum transaminase level >150 iu/l (McCormick et al, 1986;Eberhardt et al, 2019) or >3x normal (Bulatova et al, 2020). Frequencies with similar symbols are significantly different, or have a difference approaching significance, with pvalues (OR (95% CI) = 0.010 @ (OR undefined), 0.018 # (27 (1.98, 368.3)), and <0.001 & (OR undefined), 0.078 *@ (OR undefined), 0.048 *# (OR undefined), and 0.003 *& (OR undefined).…”