Modern Status of the Steppe Eagle Population in the Orenburg region, Russia

Abstract

Резюме В статье приводятся результаты мониторинга степного орла (Aquila nipalensis) в Оренбургской области в 2010-2015 гг. За 2010-2015 гг. численность степного орла в Оренбургской области снизилась на 20,6 %: с 369 (320-447) до 293 (266-349) пар. Средняя плотность распределения занятых гнездовых участков степного орла в 2015 г. в «ядре» популяции (на кварцитовых грядах Зауралья) составила 8,6/100 км 2 , на остальной территории (периферийной)-1,3 (0,67-2,7)/100 км 2. Успех размножения составил 0,55±1,04 птенцов на занятый участок в 2013 г. и 0,40±0,78 в 2015 г. Отмечено существенное увеличение доли молодых птиц в размножающихся парах с 21,7 % в 2012 г. до 44,4 % в 2015 г. Основные угрозы степному орлу в Оренбургской области-степные палы и гибель на ЛЭП. Вероятно, что падение численности орлов связано и с усилением негативных факторов на путях миграции и местах зимовки. Ключевые слова: пернатые хищники, хищные птицы, степной орёл, Aquila nipalensis, статус популяции, Оренбургская область.

Factors Affecting Habitat Selection of Endangered Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) in Pakistan: Implications for Raptors Conservation

“…Each year the steppe eagles arrive in Pakistan in September, and the numbers increase up to December-reaching up to or more than 2000 individuals-and migrate back at the start of February until March [18]. The steppe eagle's range has decreased over the last two decades [19,20]. During this period, the major parts of its global coverage and population have declined by 58% [21].…”

Avian Electrocutions on Power Lines in Kazakhstan and Russia

“…Despite decades of research, the existence of a legal framework for conservation, and awareness of the likely relationships between avian electrocutions and disruptions to electric reliability, power lines throughout Kazakhstan and southern Russia continue to be constructed and operated with configurations that are deadly to birds. The resulting deaths are contributing to population-level effects on Steppe Eagles (Karyakin & Novikova, 2006; Karyakin, 2012; Karyakin, 2013) and Saker Falcons, which are endangered and declining across their range, due in part to electrocution (BirdLife International, 2022). Power line mortality is also impacting populations of the Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus , Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus , Lesser Kestrel, Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus , Common Buzzard Buteo buteo , Golden Eagle, Eastern Imperial Eagle, White-tailed Eagle, Black Kite Milvus migrans , Eurasian Eagle-Owl, Hooded Crow Corvus cornix , and Eurasian Magpie Pica pica (Saltykov, 2003b; Barbazyuk et al , 2010; Matsyna et al , 2011a; Gadzhiev & Melnikov, 2012; Melnikov & Melnikova, 2012; Saltykov, 2012b; Gadzhiev, 2013; Karyakin et al , 2013b; Karyakin & Vagin, 2015; Pavlov & Senator, 2015).…”

“…One of the most affected species was the Steppe Eagle (Grazhdankin & Pererva, 1982) currently classified as endangered (BirdLife International, 2021). Steppe Eagle populations have collapsed in the Caspian Steppe region, declining from 20,000 pairs to 1,100 pairs (Karyakin, 2013). Carcass discovery data indicate electrocution as the primary cause of the decline (Karyakin & Novikova, 2006; Karyakin, 2012).…”

“…In Russia, concrete pylons with steel arms in arid treeless landscapes are most frequently involved in electrocutions because the earthed configurations increase risk and because the lack of trees increases perching on pylons (Arais & Staltmanis, 1976, 1987; Matsyna et al , 2011a; Saltykov, 2012b; Karyakin, 2013). Similar patterns are also true elsewhere (Slater et al ., 2020).…”

A Possibility of Morphometrical Determining of Sex of Steppe Eagle Nestlings from Western and Eastern Populations?

“…Проверка нормальности распределений морфометрических параметров показала, что все они распределены нормально. (Karyakin et al, 2013;Karyakin et al, 2016a;Migration…, 2016). This territory is characterized by small-sized individuals breed in plains (same size-class as in Central Kazakhstan) and big-sized individuals that resembling birds from Altai population breed in mountainous areas (Mugodzhary and quartzite ridges of Southern Ural and Trans-Ural area).…”