Modern views on phylogeny and systematic position of the genus Muscari (Asparagaceae) Miller

Abstract

Systematic and phylogenetic status of Muscari – valuable ornamental and melliferous genus of flowering plants, still unclear despite numerous explorations. Therefore, the aim of the work was to carry out a critical analysis of publications devoted to phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Muscari and to clarify its taxonomic position. The article provides a brief overview of the main publications dedicate to phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus. The systematic position of the genus Muscari in the early phylogenetic systems, taxonomic systems of the XX century and modern molecular phylogenetic systems is observed. Modern phylogenetic systems developed by Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III, APG IV) and based on DNA sequence analysis. They show that Muscari belongs to the subfamily Scilloideae, family Asparagaceae s.l., order Asparagales, clusters Monocots. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Muscari is difficult and controversial. In general, there are two main concepts of the genus Muscari division into subgenus. The first was developed by F. Speta in 1999 and is based on molecular data. In it, the genus is considered in a broad sense (s.l.), and divided into 4 subgenera: Muscari, Leopoldia, Muscarimia and Pseudomuscari. The second, more modern concept was developed by R. Govaerts and presented in the «World Checklist of selected plant families». According R. Govaerts, Muscari is divided into 3 separate genera: Muscari s.str. (=Muscarimia, Botryanthus), Leopoldia and Pseudomuscari. Paleobotanical data analysis established that the ancestral forms of modern Muscari originated approximately 3,29 million BC in the Mediterranean and spread to other regions of the world. The closest phylogenetic relatives of Muscari are the genera Scilla and Bellevalia. Chouardia and Nectaroscilla are also highly related. Comprehensive studies of morphological, biogeographical, molecular and other peculiarities of critical taxa are needed to clarification of the systematic position and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Muscari.

ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE CHLOROPLAST GENOME REGION psbA-trnH FOR THE STUDY OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF UKRAINIAN POPULATIONS OF MUSCARI BOTRYOIDES (L.) MILL.

“…Представники роду Muscari Mill. використовуються як декоративні та медоносні рослини (Boychuk and Budzhak, 2020). До складу цього роду відносять 53 види (WFO, 2022).…”

“…В Україні трапляються п'ять види роду Muscari проте, таксономічний статус частини з них залишається дискусивним (Kish, 2016, Boychuk andBudzhak, 2020;Onyshchenko et al, 2022). M. botryoides вважається типовим видом для підроду Muscari (Speta, 1989).…”

“…Цей вид занесений до Червоної книги України у статусі зникаючого виду (Didukh, 2009). Наразі відомо до десяти місцезростань M. botryoides на території України в Івано-Франківській, Чернівецькій та Закарпатській областях (Boychuk, 2019;Boychuk and Budzhak, 2020).…”