Modernization of Water Supply Systems From Surface Sources

Abstract

Surface water bodies, which are sources of drinking water supply, receive a significant amount of pollution from wastewater. This negatively affects the ecological condition of water resources and poses a threat to the health and sanitary well-being of the population. The main pollutants of surface sources are: sewage of economic-fecal and industrial sewage, which contain organic pollutants, surfactants, heavy metal ions; oil products coming from industrial sites and urban areas; effluents from livestock farms and storage ponds of production waste; washing of mineral fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural lands. Adjustment of surface springs additionally affects the deterioration of water quality in them. Therefore, existing water treatment technologies may not always provide the required degree of drinking water purification. According to monitoring studies, more than 38% of water samples taken at centralized water supply facilities did not meet regulatory requirements. This situation encourages the search for ways that would create conditions for more efficient operation of water supply systems. Modernization of existing water supply facilities and application of new water treatment technologies can help solve the problem. The article illustrates constructive schemes of shore and channel water intake and treatment facilities, the use of which makes it possible to reduce the dirt retention load on the main treatment facilities, increase the reliability of fish fry protection and improve the ecological condition of reservoirs at water intake sites. For effective removal of organic matter at water treatment plants, it is advisable to use bioreactors and contact-clarifying filters. Such solutions allow not only to increase the productivity of the water treatment plant, but also significantly reduce its construction cost, simplify the operation of facilities and reduce annual operating costs.

Methodological Provision of Organizational and Technical Measures for the Construction of the Water Supply Infrastructure on the Basis of Eco-Security

“…Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Низька якість води в поверхневих водоймах, а також руйнації, спричинені воєнними діями, потребує від підприємств водопостачання нових концептуальних підходів щодо забезпечення споживачів якісною питною водою та застосування нових технологічних схем і споруд водопідготовки [5]. Воєнне та техногенне навантаження на водні ресурси призводить до погіршення якості майже в усіх поверхневих водах країни і пов'язаних з ними підземних джерелах, а тому простежується тенденція не відповідності нормам як за хімічними, так і за мікробіологічними показниками.…”