Modes de fonctionnement d’humus des forêts sempervirentes des Alpes internes françaises

Michalet, Richard; Gandoy, Cécile; Cadel, G.; Girard, Geneviève; Grossi, Jean-Luc; Joud, Didier; Pache, G.

doi:10.1016/s0764-4469(00)01261-0

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon has been observed in a litter-doubling experiment with sessile oak litter, where an increase in litter thickness had been observed, without any corresponding increase in soil animal populations [12,49]. This can be attributed to the existence of two superposed but relatively independent functional domains, litter and rhizosphere [25], which is particularly well-represented in nutrient-poor (acid) mull profiles with thick litter [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Soil animal communities in holm oak forests: influence of horizon, altitude and year

Sadaka

Ponge

2003

European Journal of Soil Biology

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Soil animals (macro-and microarthropods, annelids, nematodes) were sampled along an altitudinal gradient and over two years in holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) forests of the Moroccan Atlas. We studied the influence of elevation and year on the vertical distribution of soil fauna. Whatever the elevation (1500, 1700 and 1900 m), the humus form was a Dysmull, with a thick litter horizon and a fine crumb A horizon. Thirty-six categories of fauna were found and classified at the group level. The influence of horizon, altitude and year was analysed by ANOVA (on seven broad zoological groups and on total fauna) and correspondence analysis (on thirty-six zoological groups). There was a decrease in the population size of most zoological groups from organic (OL, OF) to mineral horizons (A, S), but OL and OF horizons varied as the most populated horizon according to years and animal groups. More animals and more animal groups were present at higher elevation, following an increase in food and habitat availability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Soil animal communities in holm oak forests: influence of horizon, altitude and year

Sadaka

Ponge

2003

European Journal of Soil Biology

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“…For instance, the basis of the chemical hypothesis, the differences in organic matter decomposition between acidic and neutral soils, is not consistent with overwhelming evidence that have shown that litter quality and climate (and not soil chemistry) are the most important drivers of litter decay in terrestrial ecosystems (Cornwell et al, 2008;Coûteaux et al, 1995). It suggests that pH is more likely the consequence of organic matter accumulation than its driver (Michalet et al, 2001). Moreover, species pH optima and amplitudes have been shown to vary geographically (Coudun & Gégout, 2005;Diekmann & Lawesson, 1999;Pakeman et al, 2008;Petřik & Bruelheide, 2006;Szymura et al, 2014), and the aforementioned tolerance to toxicity may only partly explain the pattern in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Gigon, 1987;Grime & Curtis, 1976), in particular for deep-rooted tree and shrub species that may benefit from the water flow existing at bedrock-soil interface. Although, there could be strong differences in physical structure within either calcareous or siliceous rocks, calcareous soils are overall drier than siliceous soils because of the higher porosity of calcareous bedrocks that induces rapid water percolation within the substrate (Michalet et al, 2001(Michalet et al, , 2002Rolland et al, 1998). Michalet et al (2002) found at the subalpine belt of the French Alps that water stress on calcareous soils and competition on siliceous soils (due to lower drought stress) were the direct driving factors of richness, composition and structure of both community types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species stress tolerance and community competitive effects drive differences in species composition between calcareous and siliceous plant communities

et al. 2021

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1. Both chemical and physical properties of soils have been used for two centuries for explaining differences in species composition and diversity between plant communities from calcareous and siliceous soils. Here, we examine the prediction from the 'physical hypothesis', which proposes that species from siliceous soils are absent from calcareous soils because of high drought stress, while species from calcareous soils are absent from siliceous soils because of high competition due to higher water availability. This hypothesis therefore predicts a trade-off between stress tolerance and competitive response that allows calcareous and siliceous species to dominate their respective communities. There has been no attempt to experimentally assess these predictions.2. We cross-transplanted with and without neighbours using a removal experiment, two dominant species from calcareous soils (Bromus erectus and Brachypodium sylvaticum) and two species from siliceous soils (Pseudarrhenatherum longifolium and Deschampsia flexuosa) in herbaceous communities from the two soils types.We repeated the experiment 4 years, taking advantage of inter-annual climatic variability to test the interplay between year quality (dry vs. wet years) and soil types on survival responses with and without neighbours. We quantified species stress tolerances, their competitive responses and the competitive effect of the two community types.3. In the absence of neighbours, species from siliceous soils had much lower survival than species from calcareous soils during dry years, in particular on calcareous soils. It indicates a lower stress tolerance of siliceous species and a higher level of stress occurring on calcareous soils. Competition strongly reduced the survival of calcareous but not siliceous species, indicating a greater competitive response of the latter and competition was more important on siliceous soils than on calcareous soils during wet years. However, we found that species stress tolerances were more important than competitive effect of neighbours in driving differences in species composition. 4. Synthesis. The contrasting responses found for dominant species from calcareous and siliceous soils support the trade-off between stress tolerance and competitive | 4133

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“…However, they can grow in a wide range of mineral soil conditions (i.e. base saturation ratio and pH) in other mountainous areas and in particular in the inner Alps [7,33,52]. In this area, it has been shown that, in contrast to the Vosges mountains, the available N and P content can be low in neutral and basic soils as well as in very acidic soils [50].…”

Section: Ecological Response Of Tree Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the nutritional and climatic response of temperate tree species in the Vosges Mountains

Pinto

Gégout²

2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Tree species distribution according to climatic gradients is often analysed through geographic information systems modelling whereas their nutrient requirements is mainly studied by experimentation. Using 325 forest plots, this study analysed the response of frequent tree species in the Vosges mountains, a siliceous area in northeast France, along both climate and nutrient gradients. Besides a better understanding of species behaviour, our aim was to investigate if indicator plants can be used to accurately estimate species response to ecological factors. Results showed a main effect of climate on Abies alba and Quercus petraea with a transition between both species around -20 mm of June water balance. They also showed a combined effect of climate, base saturation and nitrogen nutrition on Acer pseudoplatanus, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior and Pinus sylvestris distribution. Nutritional and climatic variables estimated by Ellenberg indicator values or those established with the phytoecological database EcoPlant are almost as efficient as measured variables to assess tree species ecological response. natural forest / nutrient availability / climate / generalized linear models / ecological niche Résumé -Effet du climat et de la nutrition minérale sur la distribution des essences dans le massif vosgien. Le lien entre la distribution des essences forestières et les gradients climatiques est souvent analysé à partir de traitements sous système d'information géographique alors que leurs exigences nutritionnelles sont principalement déterminées par expérimentation. À partir de 325 relevés phytoécologiques forestiers, nous analysons dans ce travail la distribution de huit essences fréquentes dans le massif vosgien en prenant en compte simultanément les conditions nutritionnelles et climatiques des sites. En plus d'une meilleure connaissance de l'écologie des essences étudiées, notre objectif est de déterminer si la flore forestière peut être utilisée comme bioindicateur des conditions du milieu pour définir le comportement écologique des essences. Les résultats montrent un fort effet du climat sur Abies alba et Quercus petraea avec une transition entre les deux espèces autour de -20 mm de bilan hydrique climatique en juin. Il existe également un effet combiné du climat, du taux de saturation et de la nutrition azotée sur la distribution de Acer pseudoplatanus, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior et Pinus sylvestris. Les variables climatiques et nutritionnelles estimées par les valeurs indicatrices d'Ellenberg ou celles calculées à l'aide de la base de données phytoécologiques EcoPlant sont presque aussi efficaces que les variables mesurées pour définir la réponse des essences aux facteurs écologiques.forêt naturelle / nutrition minérale / climat / modèles linéaires généralisés / niche écologique

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Modes de fonctionnement d’humus des forêts sempervirentes des Alpes internes françaises

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Soil animal communities in holm oak forests: influence of horizon, altitude and year

Soil animal communities in holm oak forests: influence of horizon, altitude and year

Species stress tolerance and community competitive effects drive differences in species composition between calcareous and siliceous plant communities

Assessing the nutritional and climatic response of temperate tree species in the Vosges Mountains

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