AbstrctEchoing previous contributions on 'STI and DUI innovation modes' (Science and technology-based Innovation, and Innovation based on learning-by-Doing, by-Using and by-Interacting), this study discusses their role in SME ability to develop novel products. In particular, the RTH model (based on Research, Technology and Human Resource Management) is proposed so as to describe the most effective approach taken by innovative SMEs. In this way, some structural limitations of those modes is overcome, mainly the ambiguous nature of technology that swings between the two primordial innovation modes (STI and DUI).On these bases, the STI and DUI modes are changed for a more empirical identification of business innovation modes centered on differentiating between three separate drivers of innovation: Research (R), non-R&D Technology (T), and Human Resource management (HRM). These are empirically rearranged in specific innovation profiles, which can be re-grouped into empirically-based innovation modes. This novelty can illustrate the more practical approaches to innovation taken by firms, particularly in contexts in which the development and exploitation of science and technology drivers diverge (e.g. firms focused on adopting new technologies without investing in R&D activities and infrastructure: the case of transition economies).The study focuses on analyzing how different drivers of innovation can be effectively aggregated within a firm to support its ability to produce innovation. With this objective in mind, we propose a new research instrument -RTH model -and test in on a sample of SMEs in the ICT sphere that operates in a technologyfollower country in transition, Belarus. The results of the econometric analyses show insightful outcomes, i.e. the novelty of product innovation is more sensitive to the Technology and Human Resource Management (HRM) drivers than to the Research driver.