Modifiable risk factors for diphtheria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ikejezie, Juniorcaius; Adebusoye, Busola; Ekezie, Winifred; Langley, Tessa; Lewis, Sarah; Phalkey, Revati

doi:10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100100

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This may include addressing misinformation and dispelling myths. Use trusted community leaders and influencers to promote the benefits of vaccination [3].…”

Section: Social Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sociological interventions play a crucial role in safeguarding public health, particularly in the context of infectious disease outbreak and prevention. Nigeria, a country with a diverse and dynamic cultural landscape, faces unique challenges when it comes to protecting its population from diseases, such as diphtheria [1][2][3]. Addressing misconceptions, cultural biases, and promoting the importance of vaccination is a multifaceted endeavor, one that requires a nuanced understanding of the sociocultural factors at play [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary objectives of this paper are to scrutinize the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria. It will cast a spotlight on the disease's origin and source, the mechanisms of transmission, the efficacy of information dissemination to local communities, the effectiveness of these efforts, the situation of diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria, and the identification of sociological interventions, aimed at safeguarding the population [3,22]. The significance of this assessment cannot be overstated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociological interventions for the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria: addressing misconceptions, cultural biases, and promoting vaccination

Michael

2024

Eureka: SH

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Diphtheria is a fatal bacterial infection primarily affecting the respiratory system, characterized by a thick membrane formation in the throat, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This manuscript elucidates sociological interventions, aimed at protecting the population of Nigeria from diphtheria, a preventable yet persisting health threat. It delves into diverse strategies that could be employed to combat misconceptions, navigate deeply ingrained cultural biases, and instill the significance of vaccination within the context of diphtheria outbreak and prevention. The research question was: "What are the sociological interventions, used to address misconceptions, cultural biases, and promote vaccination in the context of diphtheria prevention in Nigeria?" In response to this inquiry, a comprehensive review methodology was employed to systematically gather, evaluate, and synthesize relevant literature outputs. The literature search, conducted across diverse academic databases and repositories, yields a rich collection of studies, reports, and case studies. The lens of Symbolic Interactionism was applied. The sociological interventions, considered in this context, engage directly with communities, healthcare providers, and local leaders. It addresses the vital need to combat misconceptions, cultural biases, and vaccine hesitancy, fostering a deeper understanding of the dynamic interplay between sociological factors and healthcare interventions. Sociological interventions for diphtheria protection in Nigeria require culturally sensitive approaches, community engagement, health education, addressing vaccine hesitancy, offering accessible vaccination services, tackling socioeconomic barriers, targeted messaging, behavioral change communication, data collection, and research collaborations to understand and address sociocultural factors influencing vaccine uptake and prevention. The findings and implications offer valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers, and lay the groundwork for more effective strategies to protect the population from this preventable disease

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“…This may include addressing misinformation and dispelling myths. Use trusted community leaders and influencers to promote the benefits of vaccination [3].…”

Section: Social Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sociological interventions for the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria: addressing misconceptions, cultural biases, and promoting vaccination

Michael

2024

Eureka: SH

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“…The disease only occurs when the bacterium gets infected by corynebacteriophages carrying the tax gene required for pathogenicity. The toxin-producing strains of C. diphtheriae are responsible for the local and systemic manifestations of diphtheria [120]. The disease can be classi ed based on the site of infection, either respiratory or non-respiratory.…”

Section: Diphtheriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported Bacterial Infectious Diseases in Saudi Arabia: Overview and Recent Advances

Alhumaid,

Alajmi,

Alosaimi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Epidemiological surveillance is a critical tool to monitor the population's health and facilitate the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks. Bacterial infections are well known as one of the leading causes of global infection-related morbidity and mortality. Our study summarizes the number of bacterial infectious diseases in Saudi Arabia, along with an overview and recent advances in treatment or prevention modalities against these reported bacterial infections. This study only covers the reported bacterial infectious diseases in the Saudi Monthly Epidemiology Reports between 2018 and 2021. The results revealed that brucellosis, tuberculosis and salmonellosis were the most frequently reported bacterial infectious diseases in Saudi Arabia. Generally, males were more affected by bacterial infections than females. There was a variation in the distribution of bacterial infectious diseases between Saudi and non-Saudi citizens. Brucellosis and Salmonellosis infections were more common among Saudi citizens, while Tuberculosis was more common in non-Saudis. Interestingly, there was a decline in the incidence rates of numerous bacterial infectious diseases during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and COVID-19 restrictions. However, this decline in the incidence rates might be a result of underreporting during the national lockdown. Some bacterial infectious diseases were rarely reported in Saudi Arabia, including Syphilis, Diphtheria, and Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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“…In addition, pocket of low and moderate diphtheria cases were discernable in other regions of Lagos State, particularly in Ojo Local Government Areas (LGAs) such as Oyo Town, Okokomaiko, Ajangbadi, Ijanikin, Iba, Ilogbo, Irewe, Tafi, Etegbin, Idoluwo, and Sabo.Mitigating the impact of diphtheria in these high-risk areas requires a multifaceted approach improving vaccination coverage, especially in vulnerable regions such as Ojo Local Government Area, is essential(Olulaja et al, 2023). Also, strengthening sanitation infrastructure, encompassing initiatives for waste management and water sanitation, is crucial for reducing disease transmission(Ikejezie et al, 2023). Furthermore, public health campaigns aimed at educating the population about the significance of hygiene practices and early symptom detection can contribute to disease prevention(Wakefield, Loken & Hornik, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis of Response Initiative to the outbreak of Diphtheria in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Ayodele,

Temitope

2024

PECH

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In the Africa Continent, diphtheria remains a pressing public health concern. Despite advancements in healthcare infrastructure and vaccination efforts, several countries continue to report cases and outbreaks, indicating ongoing transmission of the disease. This research aimed at utilizing GIS application in diphtheria outbreak in the Ojo Local Government Area (LGA) of Lagos State, Nigeria, with the following objectives: (i) obtain the spatial distribution pattern of the spread of diphtheria outbreak. (ii) determine the area requiring immediate attention and response in the study area. (iii) showcase areas that are vulnerable within the study area. In the pursuance of this both primary data, including geographical coordinates of confirmed diphtheria cases, and secondary data such as recorded cases, population density, vaccination coverage, and transportation networks, the research utilizes ArcGIS for visualization and analysis, Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) receivers ensured accurate spatial data collection, supplemented by ground truthing of secondary data. The result revealed significant clusters of diphtheria cases in Akesan-Obadore and Ijegun, indicating a higher concentration of infections. The study applied average nearest neighbor analysis, which indicated a dispersed pattern of outbreaks within the LGA. Furthermore, a risk assessment using Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), in identifying the southern parts and Iba ward of Ojo LGA as areas with highest risk. The study recommends to the Lagos State Government to enhance vaccination efforts and improve sanitation infrastructure in these high-risk areas to mitigate the spread of diphtheria.

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Modifiable risk factors for diphtheria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 74 publications

Sociological interventions for the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria: addressing misconceptions, cultural biases, and promoting vaccination

Sociological interventions for the diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria: addressing misconceptions, cultural biases, and promoting vaccination

Reported Bacterial Infectious Diseases in Saudi Arabia: Overview and Recent Advances

Spatial Analysis of Response Initiative to the outbreak of Diphtheria in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

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