2022
DOI: 10.3390/children9121846
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Modifiable Risk Factors of Non-Syndromic Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review

Abstract: OFCs (orofacial clefts) are among the most frequent congenital defects, but their etiology has yet to be clarified. OFCs affect different structures and functions with social, psychological and economic implications in children and their families. Identifying modifiable risk factors is mandatory to prevent the occurrence of non-syndromic OFCs (NSOFCs). PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from 1 January 2012 to 25 May 2022 and a total of 7668 publications were identified. Studies f… Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(11 citation statements)
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References 142 publications
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“…In a clinical study published in 2019 by Jurela et al, 83 patients with a medium age of 15.14 ± 1.66 (52 men and 31 women) receiving FOT were examined [ 22 ]. The study’s goal was to estimate the patients’ clinical and salivary changes and see whether there were statistically meaningful variations concerning the type of braces they wore (conventional vs. self-ligating brackets) [ 21 , 38 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a clinical study published in 2019 by Jurela et al, 83 patients with a medium age of 15.14 ± 1.66 (52 men and 31 women) receiving FOT were examined [ 22 ]. The study’s goal was to estimate the patients’ clinical and salivary changes and see whether there were statistically meaningful variations concerning the type of braces they wore (conventional vs. self-ligating brackets) [ 21 , 38 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The study proposes a paradigm shift in therapeutic strategies for degenerative and infectious diseases, including COVID-19, by understanding the negative impact of dysbiosis, coupled with insights into immune system dynamics and endocrine balance. The association between genetic variants of interleukin-10 and other key immune-related genes holds promise for risk assessment in systemic diseases linked to chronic dysbiosis [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81]82…”
Section: Exploring the Interconnected Landscape Of Interleukins Perio...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The etiology of primary CLP is believed to be multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Specific genes and growth factors like TGF‐β3, MSX1, and FGFs have been linked to CLP development, while environmental factors like maternal alcohol use, smoking, anticonvulsant drug use, and malnutrition increase the risk of such defects 5,6 . CLP affects both appearance and function, leading to psychological distress, and difficulties in feeding, speech, and hearing.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Specific genes and growth factors like TGF-β3, MSX1, and FGFs have been linked to CLP development, while environmental factors like maternal alcohol use, smoking, anticonvulsant drug use, and malnutrition increase the risk of such defects. 5,6 CLP affects both appearance and function, leading to psychological distress, and difficulties in feeding, speech, and hearing. Treatment involves a comprehensive, lifelong, multidisciplinary approach addressing functional, aesthetic, and psychological aspects to improve the well-being of individuals with CLP.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%