Modification and optimization of benzene alkylation process for production of ethylbenzene

Ebrahimi, Ali; Sharak, Ashkan Zolfaghari; Mousavi, Seyyed Abbas; Aghazadeh, Faezeh; Ahmad, Soltani

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2010.10.011

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…115,116 In the 1990s, bi-modal zeolite MCM-22 was gradually developed for its application in the liquid phase alkylation of benzene with a low ratio of B/E, such as the famous EBMax process developed by Mobil. 117 This novel zeolite possesses a unique 10-R pore and 12-R half-supercage as well as a lamellar structure. [118][119][120] On the one hand, its 10-R pore with a certain degree of shape-selectivity could promote the formation of EB in alkylation more than that in the 12-R pore of zeolite beta.…”

Section: Liquid Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances of pore system construction in zeolite-catalyzed chemical industry processes

et al. 2015

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The kaleidoscopic applications of zeolite catalysts (zeo-catalysts) in petrochemical processes has been considered as one of the major accomplishments in recent decades. About twenty types of zeolite have been industrially applied so far, and their versatile porous architectures have contributed their most essential features to affect the catalytic efficiency. This review depicts the evolution of pore models in zeolite catalysts accompanied by the increase in industrial and environmental demands. The indispensable roles of modulating pore models are outlined for zeo-catalysts for the enhancement of their catalytic performances in various industrial processes. The zeolites and related industrial processes discussed range from the uni-modal micropore system of zeolite Y (12-ring micropore, 12-R) in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), zeolite ZSM-5 (10-R) in xylene isomerization and SAPO-34 (8-R) in olefin production to the multi-modal micropore system of MCM-22 (10-R and 12-R pocket) in aromatic alkylation and the hierarchical pores in FCC and catalytic cracking of C4 olefins. The rational construction of pore models, especially hierarchical features, is highlighted with a careful classification from an industrial perspective accompanied by a detailed analysis of the theoretical mechanisms.

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Section: Liquid Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances of pore system construction in zeolite-catalyzed chemical industry processes

et al. 2015

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“…Acids such as AlCl 3 and solid phosphoric acid were the only catalysts employed in aromatic alkylation technology units until the 1980s. The discovery of medium- and large-pore zeolites possessing acid sites of strong and medium strength, bound to the zeolite framework inside the pores, has opened a new era of technologies for the alkylation of aromatics, and reactions of alkyl aromatics in general. − Numerous scientific publications appeared on the ways to improve and examine various aspects of zeolite-based manufacture of ethylbenzene, ,− suggesting a novel industrial process for highly selective ethylbenzene production, , avoiding catalyst deactivation, and an approach to reduce the energy consumption . There are also reports on transalkylation or disproportion reactions occurring simultaneously with alkylation. , There are several mathematical models developed for the description of the operation of alkylation reactors. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14−17 Numerous scientific publications appeared on the ways to improve and examine various aspects of zeolite-based manufacture of ethylbenzene, 1,18−27 suggesting a novel industrial process for highly selective ethylbenzene production, 25,28 avoiding catalyst deactivation, 29 and an approach to reduce the energy consumption. 30 There are also reports on transalkylation or disproportion reactions occurring simultaneously with alkylation. 14,31 There are several mathematical models developed for the description of the operation of alkylation reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Phase Alkylation of Benzene with Ethylene Considering the Process Unsteadiness

Ivashkina

Khlebnikova

Dolganova

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Ethylbenzene is a key intermediate in the manufacture of styrene that is an important industrial monomer. Ethylbenzene is produced by benzene alkylation using either gas-phase or liquid-phase methods. The liquid-phase alkylation that uses liquid acidic catalysts needs to be improved. We develop a mathematical model for the liquid-phase benzene alkylation. The reaction scheme, designed with a due analysis of desired and side reactions, and with the analysis of the formation of deactivating agents, reflects, in particular, the influence of the concentration of heavy hydrocarbons on the catalyst activity. The account of the catalyst deactivation by heavy alkylaromatics allows predictions of the temporal changes in the outputs of the alkylation process. In particular, the decrease of the ethylbenzene concentration by 2−3 wt % and increase of the polyalkylate outlet concentration by 1.5−2 wt % are the results of the catalyst deactivation. These effects, however, can be compensated by 1.3-time increase of polyalkylate supply and by the temperature increase up to 398 K. The calculations also show that it is possible to decrease the supply of fresh catalyst from 0.498 to 0.472 t/hour without loss in the yield of ethylbenzene.

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“…As an important intermediate in the chemical industry with global demand growing at about 3.3% per year over the next ten years, ethylbenzene (EB) is primarily produced from the alkylation of benzene with ethylene (about 98%) . Inspired by advantages in better EB selectivity and longer catalyst life span at the lower reaction temperature, liquid-phase alkylation of benzene with ethylene has become more and more attractive . Among alternative catalysts, MCM-22 and MCM-49 zeolites have been proven effective in enhancement of EB selectivity at a reduced benzene/ethylene molar ratio for less energy consumption. , It is well-known that MCM-22 and MCM-49 zeolites with MWW topology structure consist of special pore systems: 10 MR sinusoidal channels (0.41 nm × 0.54 nm), 12 MR (0.71 nm external diameter ×1.82 nm height) supercages with 10 MR opening windows (0.41 nm × 0.54 nm), and external surface 12 MR cups (0.71 nm × 0.71 nm × 0.91 nm) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UZM-8 Zeolite Synthesized from Solid Aluminosilicate Gel and Its Catalytic Performance

Shi

Xing

Xie

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Instead of conventional aluminum isopropoxide and silica sources, commercially available solid aluminosilicate gel with SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 25 was selected to synthesize UZM-8 zeolite with diethyl-dimethylammonium hydroxide (DEDMAOH) as the structure-directing agent (SDA) in the Na + -free system. The structure-directing function and decomposition of DEDMAOH were analyzed. With the irregular stacking of MWW layers, UZM-8 zeolite with solid aluminosilicate gel as silica and aluminum sources possessed better stability during crystallization, better crystallinity, higher surface area, clearly separated 29 Si MAS NMR resonances, and more acid sites accessed by pyridine and 2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine than conventional synthesized UZM-8 zeolite, which resulted in obvious improvement in ethylene conversion with little loss in ethylbenzene selectivity at higher temperatures.

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Modification and optimization of benzene alkylation process for production of ethylbenzene

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Recent advances of pore system construction in zeolite-catalyzed chemical industry processes

Recent advances of pore system construction in zeolite-catalyzed chemical industry processes

Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Phase Alkylation of Benzene with Ethylene Considering the Process Unsteadiness

UZM-8 Zeolite Synthesized from Solid Aluminosilicate Gel and Its Catalytic Performance

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