Modification of biomaterial surface characteristics by body fluids in vitro

McGovern, James G.; Garvin, Clare P.; Jones, David S.; Woolfson, A. David; Gorman, Seán

doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(97)04883-7

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There are two possible explanations for these observations. Following immersion in the encrustation medium, there will be adsorption of albumin onto the surface of the various stents, which in turn will modify the surface properties of these devices 16. The modification to these properties may affect nucleation and hence reduce precipitation of calcium and magnesium phosphate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following immersion in the encrustation medium, there will be adsorption of albumin onto the surface of the various stents, which in turn will modify the surface properties of these devices. 16 The modification to these properties may affect nucleation and hence reduce precipitation of calcium and magnesium phosphate. Moreover, the adsorption of albumin will offer a charged surface to the medical device due to the ionization of the carboxylic acid groups of albumin under basic pH values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and optimization of experimental variables within a reproducible bladder encrustation model and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of urease inhibitors for the prevention of medical device‐related encrustation

2005

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This study presents a reproducible, cost-effective in vitro encrustation model and, furthermore, describes the effects of components of the artificial urine and the presence of agents that modify the action of urease on encrustation on commercially available ureteral stents. The encrustation model involved the use of small-volume reactors (700 mL) containing artificial urine and employing an orbital incubator (at 37 degrees C) to ensure controlled stirring. The artificial urine contained sources of calcium and magnesium (both as chlorides), albumin and urease. Alteration of the ratio (% w/w) of calcium salt to magnesium salt affected the mass of encrustation, with the greatest encrustation noted whenever magnesium was excluded from the artificial urine. Increasing the concentration of albumin, designed to mimic the presence of protein in urine, significantly decreased the mass of both calcium and magnesium encrustation until a plateau was observed. Finally, exclusion of urease from the artificial urine significantly reduced encrustation due to the indirect effects of this enzyme on pH. Inclusion of the urease inhibitor, acetohydroxamic acid, or urease substrates (methylurea or ethylurea) into the artificial medium markedly reduced encrustation on ureteral stents. In conclusion, this study has described the design of a reproducible, cost-effective in vitro encrustation model. Encrustation was markedly reduced on biomaterials by the inclusion of agents that modify the action of urease. These agents may, therefore, offer a novel clinical approach to the control of encrustation on urological medical devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and optimization of experimental variables within a reproducible bladder encrustation model and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of urease inhibitors for the prevention of medical device‐related encrustation

2005

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“…Therefore, in this study, the advancing and receding contact angles of the various coated and uncoated biomaterials were examined to provide information concerning their hydrophobic }hydrophilic nature. In addition, following insertion, the endotracheal tube will be bathed with saliva, and therefore common to other medical devices, a conditioning ® lm (derived from saliva) will be deposited onto the surface of the device (Jones et al 1997a ;McGovern et al 1997 ;Jones et al 2001). Accordingly, the eOE ects of the deposited salivary conditioning ® lm on the advancing and receding contact angles of the various materials were examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of saliva to reduce the contact angles of hydrophobic biomaterials (e.g. polyvinylchloride, silicone ) has been previously reported (Jones et al 1997aMcGovern et al 1997) and may be accredited to the adsorption of macromolecules from saliva onto the surface of the biomaterial, thereby rendering the surface more hydrophilic. Interestingly, following treatment with saliva, the advancing and receding contact angles of the various coated biomaterials were unchanged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible involvement of peripheral serotonin 5-HT3 receptors in fluvoxamine-induced emesis in Suncus murinus

Fujiwara-Sawada

Imanishi

Yoshida

et al. 2003

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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It is accepted that ventilator-associated pneumonia is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care patients. This study describes the physicochemical properties of novel surfactant coatings of the endotracheal tube and the resistance to microbial adherence of surfactant coated endotracheal tube polyvinylchloride (PVC). Organic solutions of surfactants containing a range of ratios of cholesterol and lecithin (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, dissolved in dichloromethane) were prepared and coated onto endotracheal tube PVC using a multiple dip-coating process. Using modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry it was confirmed that the binary surfactant systems existed as physical mixtures. The surface properties of both surfactant-coated and uncoated PVC, following treatment with either pooled human saliva or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), were characterised using dynamic contact angle analysis. Following treatment with saliva, the contact angles of PVC decreased; however, those of the coated biomaterials were unaffected, indicating different rates and extents of macromolecular adsorption from saliva onto the coated and uncoated PVC. The advancing and receding contact angles of the surfactant-coated PVC were unaffected by sonication, thereby providing evidence of the durability of the coatings. The cell surface hydrophobicity and zeta potentials of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, following treatment with either saliva or PBS, and their adherence to uncoated and surfactant-coated PVC (that had been pre-treated with saliva) were examined. Adherence of S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa to surfactant-coated PVC at each successive time period (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 h) was significantly lower than to uncoated PVC, the extent of the reduction frequently exceeding 90%. Interestingly, the microbial anti-adherent properties of the coatings were dependent on the lecithin content. Based on the impressive microbial anti-adherence properties and durability of the surfactant coating on PVC following dip coatings, it is proposed that these systems may usefully reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia when employed as luminal coatings of the endotracheal tube.

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“…Perfusion solution was made of a mixture of 200 mL castor oil and 800 mL saline to encourage surface changes similar to other body fluid solutions (24). Castor oil is naturally occurring and inexpensive.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal Tubing in the Roller Pump Raceway: Physical Changes and Particulate Generation

Spiwak

Horbal²,

Leatherbury³

et al. 2008

J Extra Corpor Technol

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Plasticized polyvinyl chloride tubing is used as the blood conduit in the heart lung bypass circuit. The section in the roller pump undergoes rigorous compression. Fatigue leads to material changes in weight and length of the bulk material. Particles are released during normal pump operation. This study evaluates the time course of particle loss. Three segments of ½″ ID tubing run in the raceway for 30-minute, 1-hour, or 2-hour. The fluid path of each segment includes an oxygenator; a castor oil blend was used for the prime. The 5 mL sample was acquired at 10 minute intervals. Raceway tubing segments were measured for a change in weight and length. The same procedure repeated with ¼″ ID and ⅜″ ID tubing. All tubing increased at least 5 mm by the 2-hour trial. There were no remarkable changes in weight. Particles were measured for size and percent volume. Tubing with ½″ ID performed most consistently for particle release during all trials. Particles were observed as small as 1 nm. Particles as large as 3 micron could be confirmed. For all tubing there was particle release by 30 minutes. Perfusionists must consider tubing inner diameter and wall thickness in choosing the pPVC for the raceway in order to minimize particulate emboli. This research suggests that ⅜″ ID tubing produces spalls inconsistently compared to ½″ ID tubing. Thinner wall thickness tubing also has the potential to limit spall formation.

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Modification of biomaterial surface characteristics by body fluids in vitro

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Characterization and optimization of experimental variables within a reproducible bladder encrustation model and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of urease inhibitors for the prevention of medical device‐related encrustation

Characterization and optimization of experimental variables within a reproducible bladder encrustation model and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of urease inhibitors for the prevention of medical device‐related encrustation

Possible involvement of peripheral serotonin 5-HT3 receptors in fluvoxamine-induced emesis in Suncus murinus

Extracorporeal Tubing in the Roller Pump Raceway: Physical Changes and Particulate Generation

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