Modification of flavonoid using lipase in non-conventional media: effect of the water content

Enzyme-Mediated Preparation of Flavonoid Esters and Their Applications

“…Ardhaoui et al (2004b) observed the best enzyme activity when water content was maintained at 200 ppm. Gayot et al (2003) found that the optimal value of water in an organic reaction medium equaled 0.05% (v/v). Kontogianni et al (2003) reported that highest flavonoid conversion was reached when initial water activity was 0.11 or less.…”

“…which is preferred due to its acceptance of a wide range of substrates, good catalytic activity and a high degree of regioselectivity Katsoura et al, 2006Katsoura et al, , 2007Ghoul et al, 2006;Mellou et al, 2005Mellou et al, , 2006Stevenson et al, 2006;Ardhaoui et al, 2004aArdhaoui et al, , 2004bArdhaoui et al, , 2004cPassicos et al, 2004;Moussou et al, 2004;Gayot et al, 2003;Ishihara et al, 2002;Kontogianni et al, 2001Kontogianni et al, , 2003Nakajima et al, 1999Nakajima et al, , 2003Gao et al, 2001;Otto et al, 2001;Danieli et al, 1997).…”

“…2-Methylbutan-2-ol Ghoul et al, 2006;Ardhaoui et al, 2004aArdhaoui et al, , 2004bArdhaoui et al, , 2004cPassicos et al, 2004;Gayot et al, 2003Acetone Ghoul et al, 2006Mellou et al, 2005Mellou et al, , 2006Kontogianni et al, 2001Kontogianni et al, , 2003Ishihara et al, 2002Nakajima et al, 1999Nakajima et al, , 2003Danieli et al, 1997Acetonitrile Ghoul et al, 2006Nakajima et al, 1997Nakajima et al, , 1999 2-Methylpropan-2-ol Ghoul et al, 2006;Stevenson et al, 2006;Mellou et al, 2005;Moussou et al, 2004;Kontogianni et al, 2001Kontogianni et al, , 2003Otto et al, 2001Dioxane Ghoul et al, 2006Danieli et al, 1997Pyridine Danieli et al, 1990THF, DMSO, DMF Kontogianni et al, 2001, 2003Danieli et al, 1997 Binaric mixtures of solvents Ghoul et al, 2006;Gao et al, 2001;Nakajima et al, 1999;Danieli et al, 1997 Table 2. Organic solvents used in flavonoid acylation.…”

“…The enzymatic esterification of flavonoids in non-aqueous media is greatly influenced by the water content of the reaction system (Ardhaoui et al, 2004b;Gayot et al, 2003;Kontogianni et al, 2003). Ardhaoui et al (2004b) observed the best enzyme activity when water content was maintained at 200 ppm.…”

“…To date, flavonoid transformation has been carried out in the temperature range 30 -100°C Katsoura et al, 2006;Stevenson et al, 2006;Mellou et al, 2005;Ardhaoui et al, 2004aArdhaoui et al, , 2004bArdhaoui et al, , 2004cMoussou et al, 2004;Passicos et al, 2004;Enaud et al, 2004;Gayot et al, 2003;Kontogianni et al, 2003;Ishihara et al, 2002;Gao et al, 2001;Otto et al, 2001;Nakajima et al, 1999;Danieli et al, 1990). The choice of temperature depends on the enzyme and solvent used.…”