Modification of glass-ionomer cement properties by quaternized chitosan-coated nanoparticles

Abstract

Glass ionomers (GICs), because of their qualities, are in a good position to be modified to resist masticatory stresses as permanent posterior restoration and prevent recurrent caries. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of adding quaternized chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HTCC@MSNs) to conventional GIC on its mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity and fluoride release and the effect of 1- and 3-month water aging on the studied properties. HTCC@MSNs was synthesized, added to commercially available conventional GIC at 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight forming three experimental groups and compared with plain GIC as a control group. Flexural strength, modulus, Vickers microhardness and wear volumes were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was tested against Streptococcus mutans and fluoride release in de-ionized water was measured. All properties were evaluated before and after one- and three-month aging (n = 10 specimens per test/per time). Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Characterization confirmed successful preparation of HTCC@MSNs. The flexural strength, modulus, hardness and wear resistance of the GICs improved significantly by adding 1–3% HTCC@MSNs, while 5% HTCC@MSNs group showed no significant difference compared to control group. Bacterial inhibition zones and fluoride release increased proportionally to the amount of filler added. Mechanical properties were improved by artificial aging. Fluoride release values, and bacterial inhibition zones decreased with aging for all groups. HTCC@MSNs as a filler with the optimized proportion provides strengthening and antibacterial effect. In addition, aging is an important factor to be considered in evaluating experimental fillers.

Chitosan Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Epidermal Growth Factor Promotes Pulp Cell Proliferation with a Minimum Effect on Fluoride and Aluminum Release

“…In this study, chitosan-modified RMGICs groups release greater rates of fluoride than control RMGIC, the same result as a recent study, which reported that the inclusion of chitosan in RMGIC increased fluoride release [35]. Chitosan also enhanced fluoride release in conventional GIC [16,36].…”

“…Some studies have reported the antibacterial properties of chitosan-modified GIC cement [13,14]. Recently, chitosan in various forms has been studied to improve some properties of GIC, such as increasing osteogenic potential in osteosarcoma cells [15] and adding quaternized chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles in order to improve mechanical properties, increase fluoride release, and enhance antibacterial effects [16].…”

Modifications of polyalkenoic acid and its effect on glass ionomer cement

“…E. A. Elshenawy et al demonstrated the effect of quaternized chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles on GIC. 109 An increased bacterial inhibition zone and fluoride release kinetics of GIC were reported. Table 2 summarises different modifications of polyalkenoic acid and glass powder to improve the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of GIC.…”

“…The effects of the substitute chain length, and the grafting ratio of QAS on polyalkenoic acid for their antibacterial and mechanical properties were investigated D. Xie et al 116 Effects of quaternized chitosan coated nanoparticles on GIC Bacterial inhibition zones and fluoride release increased proportionally to the amount of filler added. Mechanical properties were improved E. A. Elshenawy et al 109 The study aimed to develop antibacterial GIC containing a quaternary ammonium salt (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM) to improve the antimicrobial properties GIC containing DMADDM improved the physicochemical and antibacterial properties. Modified GIC improved the management of secondary caries S.-P. Wang et al 117 Evaluation of the effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO) on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation of GIC (3M ESPE Ketac Molar)…”

Analysis of the characteristics of a green dental filling material made from a Zinc Oxide NPs, chitosan NPs and glass ionomer mixture

“…There was a lack of both the 2915 and 1399 cm -1 bands. C-H bending in -N(CH 3 ) 3 is indicative of NH 2 group quaternization in chitosan structure (41), the characteristic peak at 3446 cm − 1 was O-H stretching vibration band.…”