Modification of<i>Anopheles gambiae</i>distribution at high altitudes in Madagascar

Tantely, Michaël Luciano; Rakotoniaina, Jean-Claude; Tata, Etienne; Andrianaivolambo, Lala; Fontenille, Didier; Élissa, Nohal

doi:10.1111/j.1948-7134.2012.00244.x

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the data indicate a certain level of transmission in the central highlands because only one of 601 women from the highlands travelled to a coastal location within the last half of year. Transmission in the highlands is supported by entomological surveys that have shown the occurrence of malaria vectors, such as Anopheles gambiae , at altitudes above 1,200 m [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and seroprevalence in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections of Malagasy pregnant women in the highlands

Maïga-Ascofaré

Rakotozandrindrainy

Girmann

et al. 2015

Malar J

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Background: Malaria epidemiology in Madagascar is classified into four different areas, ranging from unstable seasonal transmission in the highlands to hyperendemic perennial transmission areas in the costal level. Most malaria studies in Madagascar are focused on symptomatic children. However, because of the low transmission in some areas with correspondingly low level of semi-immunity, adults are also at risk, in particular pregnant women. The objective of this study was to gain information on the genetic epidemiology of malarial infections in pregnant women in order to provide information for malaria control and elimination programmes in Madagascar. Methods: Between May and August 2010, we carried out cross-sectional surveys targeting healthy pregnant women in six locations, three in the coastal area and three in the highlands at 850-1300 m. 1244 blood samples were screened for anti-Plasmodium falciparum antibodies by immunofluorescence test and for malarial infection by realtime-PCR. The prevalence of chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance markers was also determined in all Plasmodium falciparum samples by PCR-RFLP as well as the multiplicity of infection through genotyping six neutral microsatellites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and seroprevalence in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections of Malagasy pregnant women in the highlands

Maïga-Ascofaré

Rakotozandrindrainy

Girmann

et al. 2015

Malar J

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“…gambiae s.s. [ 42 ]. In Madagascar, Anopheles gambiae has molecular forms similar to those of east Africa [ 142 , 146 , 209 ] and the species identified is Anopheles gambiae s.s. This species is characterized by a high degree of anthropophilic behavior [ 179 ] with notable exceptions [ 69 ].…”

Section: Presentation Of Malagasy Mosquitoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species is characterized by a high degree of anthropophilic behavior [ 179 ] with notable exceptions [ 69 ]. In Madagascar, present in all biogeographic domains [ 36 , 146 , 209 ].…”

Section: Presentation Of Malagasy Mosquitoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated checklist of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar

et al. 2016

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An updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from Madagascar is presented. The number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). This annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. The 235 species belong to 14 genera: Aedeomyia (3 species), Aedes (35 species), Anopheles (26 species), Coquillettidia (3 species), Culex (at least 50 species), Eretmapodites (4 species), Ficalbia (2 species), Hodgesia (at least one species), Lutzia (one species), Mansonia (2 species), Mimomyia (22 species), Orthopodomyia (8 species), Toxorhynchites (6 species), and Uranotaenia (73 species). Due to non-deciphered species complexes, several species remain undescribed. The main remarkable characteristic of Malagasy mosquito fauna is the high biodiversity with 138 endemic species (59%). Presence and abundance of species, and their association, in a given location could be a bio-indicator of environmental particularities such as urban, rural, forested, deforested, and mountainous habitats. Finally, taking into account that Malagasy culicidian fauna includes 64 species (27%) with a known medical or veterinary interest in the world, knowledge of their biology and host preference summarized in this paper improves understanding of their involvement in pathogen transmission in Madagascar.

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“…In general, little information on monthly densities of mosquitoes is available for Madagascar, with the exception of studies in the Central Highlands. In the western wetland of Lac Kinkony [34, 126, 128, 129], combined studies of vector populations overlaid with bird population dynamics should be undertaken, specifically focusing on lowland aquatic environments.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of West Nile virus circulation and outbreak risk in Madagascar: Entomological and ornithological perspectives

2016

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West Nile fever (WNF) is a zoonotic disease, occurring nearly globally. In Madagascar, West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in 1978 from wild birds and the virus is currently distributed across the island, but no epidemic or epizootic period has been recorded. One fatal human case of WNV infection was reported in 2011, suggesting a “tip of the iceberg” phenomenon of a possible WNF epidemic/epizootic on the island. The main objective of this literature-based survey is to review patterns of WNV circulation in Madagascar from the entomological and ornithological points of view. Among the 235 mosquito species described from Madagascar, 29 species are widely associated with WNV infection; 16 of them are found naturally infected with WNV on the island and categorized into major, candidate, and potential vectors of WNV according to their vector capacity. This study upholds the hypothesis that WNV enzooticity is independent of annual movements of migratory birds passing through Madagascar. Moreover, the lack of regular migratory bird flux between Africa and Madagascar would reduce the probability of transmission and the subsequent reintroduction of the virus into locally occurring mosquito species. Given that Palearctic migratory birds are strongly implicated in the transmission of WNV, we highlight notable differences in the movements and species diversity of these birds in Madagascar as compared to eastern and northern Africa. Risk factors from this two-pronged approach are presented for the emergence of WNF outbreak.

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Modification ofAnopheles gambiaedistribution at high altitudes in Madagascar

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Molecular epidemiology and seroprevalence in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections of Malagasy pregnant women in the highlands

Molecular epidemiology and seroprevalence in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections of Malagasy pregnant women in the highlands

An updated checklist of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar

Review of West Nile virus circulation and outbreak risk in Madagascar: Entomological and ornithological perspectives

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