Modification of montmorillonite clay with Cymbopogon citratus for the decontamination of zearalenone in millet

Olopade, B. K.; Oranusi, S. U.; Nwinyi, Obinna; Njobeh, Patrick Berka; Lawal, Isiaka A.

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2019.3.643

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The dry powder of lemongrass (25 g) was extracted with 250 mL of hexane. The lemongrass extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator (IKA RV10, Staufen, Germany) to obtain the essential oil used for the preparation of LGEO-MMT, which was done according to the method of Noudem et al [43] with slight modification. All the formulations used for the decontamination of T-2 in the maize samples were prepared as described in Olopade et al [44].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of T-2 Toxin in Maize by Modified Montmorillonite Clay

Olopade

Oranusi

Nwinyi

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Montmorillonite clay has a wide range of applications, one of which includes the binding of mycotoxins in foods and feeds through adsorption. T-2 toxin, produced by some Fusarium, Myrothecium, and Stachybotrys species, causes dystrophy in the brain, heart, and kidney. Various formulations that include lemongrass essential oil-modified montmorillonite clay (LGEO-MMT), lemongrass powder (LGP), montmorillonite clay washed with 1 mM NaCl (Na-MMT), montmorillonite clay (MMT), and lemongrass powder mixed with montmorillonite clay (LGP-MMT) were applied to maize at concentrations of 8% and 12% and stored for a period of one month at 30 °C. Unmodified montmorillonite clay and LGP served as the negative controls alongside untreated maize. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of the various treatments showed the major functional groups as Si-O and -OH. All treatment formulations were effective in the decontamination of T-2 toxin in maize. Accordingly, it was revealed that the inclusion of Na-MMT in maize at a concentration of 8% was most effective in decontaminating T-2 toxin by 66% in maize followed by LGP-MMT at 12% inclusion level recording a 56% decontamination of T-2 toxin in maize (p = 0.05). Montmorillonite clay can be effectively modified with plant extracts for the decontamination of T-2 toxin.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of T-2 Toxin in Maize by Modified Montmorillonite Clay

Olopade

Oranusi

Nwinyi

et al. 2019

Toxins

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“…e nanoformulations did not show any significant difference in the decontamination of AFG 1 in the millet samples compared with the control. However, in the previous studies, Mont-Na was proven to be the most efficient in decontaminating T-2 toxin in maize [14], while Mont-LGP was the most efficient in decontaminating zearalenone in millet [15]. Other studies have also shown that bentonite which is mainly montmorillonite is effective in the adsorption of mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins [25,26].…”

Section: Ermogravimetric Analysis (Tga) Of the Nanoformulations From Montmorillonite Clay And Lemongrass Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e concentrated crude essential oil was used to prepare Mont-LGEO according to the modified method of Noudem et al [18]. e nanoformulations used for the decontamination of AFG 1 in millet were prepared as described by Olopade et al [14]. e decontamination process for these two toxins was studied by mixing the nanoformulations with the cereal grains and storing over four weeks.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a mixture of montmorillonite clay and lemongrass has been applied for the same purpose in cereal grains. Modified montmorillonite clay has proven efficient in decontaminating T-2 toxin in maize and zearalenone in millet [14,15]. e use of clay for decontamination of mycotoxins is an adsorption approach, which involves chemical and physical forces that help decrease the formation of toxins and lessen their health effects thereof in animals [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermogravimetric Analysis of Modified Montmorillonite Clay for Mycotoxin Decontamination in Cereal Grains

Olopade

Nwinyi

Adekoya

et al. 2020

The Scientific World Journal

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Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to study the stability of nanoformulations used for the decontamination of mycotoxins. The TGA patterns of the nanoformulations from montmorillonite clay and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) extracts were assessed with temperature ranging from ambient (20°C) to 1000°C. The various nanoformulations studied included unmodified montmorillonite clay (Mont), montmorillonite washed with sodium chloride (Mont-Na), montmorillonite mixed with lemongrass essential oil (Mont-LGEO), and montmorillonite mixed with an equal quantity of lemongrass powder (Mont-LGP). There was no significant difference in the median of the various nanoformulations within 4 weeks at p < 0.05 using the Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric test. For the TGA, the first degradation for montmorillonite clay and the nanoformulations occurred at a temperature between 80 and 101°C and was attributed to the loss of lattice water outside the coordination sphere with a range of 3.5–6.5% weight loss. The second degradation occurred within the temperature of 338 to 344°C, and the third, at a temperature between 640 and 668°C for Mont and the formulations of Mont-Na, Mont-LGEO, and Mont-LGP. There were strong similarities in the degradation patterns of Mont and Mont-Na with the minimum difference being the relatively higher weight loss of the sodium-exchanged cation for Mont-Na at the third degradation step. Hence, the order of stability from the most resistant to the least resistant to degradation is as follows: Mont-LGEO ≥ Mont-Na ≥ Mont ≥ Mont-LGP.

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“…Graphene oxide (GO) with amphiphilic didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) molecules has effectively adsorbed ZEN from maize oils [218]. Other adsorbents include organo-montmorillonites (OMts) [219], modified montmorillonites [220], montmorillonite clay with Cymbopogon citratus [221], organo-rectorites modified with different quaternary ammonium salts [222], organozeolites [223], talc and diatomaceous earth [224], activated carbon [225] and kaolin modified with octadecydimethilbenzyl ammonium [226].…”

Section: Degradation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Management Strategies of Zearalenone in Food and Feed: A Review

Mahato

Devi

Pandhi

et al. 2021

Toxins

104

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Mycotoxins represent an assorted range of secondary fungal metabolites that extensively occur in numerous food and feed ingredients at any stage during pre- and post-harvest conditions. Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin categorized as a xenoestrogen poses structural similarity with natural estrogens that enables its binding to the estrogen receptors leading to hormonal misbalance and numerous reproductive diseases. ZEN is mainly found in crops belonging to temperate regions, primarily in maize and other cereal crops that form an important part of various food and feed. Because of the significant adverse effects of ZEN on both human and animal, there is an alarming need for effective detection, mitigation, and management strategies to assure food and feed safety and security. The present review tends to provide an updated overview of the different sources, occurrence and biosynthetic mechanisms of ZEN in various food and feed. It also provides insight to its harmful effects on human health and agriculture along with its effective detection, management, and control strategies.

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Modification of montmorillonite clay with Cymbopogon citratus for the decontamination of zearalenone in millet

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Decontamination of T-2 Toxin in Maize by Modified Montmorillonite Clay

Decontamination of T-2 Toxin in Maize by Modified Montmorillonite Clay

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Modified Montmorillonite Clay for Mycotoxin Decontamination in Cereal Grains

Occurrence, Impact on Agriculture, Human Health, and Management Strategies of Zearalenone in Food and Feed: A Review

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