Modification of nitrifying biofilm into nitritating one by combination of increased free ammonia concentrations, lowered HRT and dissolved oxygen concentration

Zekker, Ivar; Rikmann, Ergo; Menert, Anne; Lemmiksoo, Vallo; Saluste, Alar; Tenno, Toomas; Tomingas, Martin

doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60523-2

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…for bacteria. Reject water contained anammox microorganisms and sufficient amounts of microelements and other compounds needed for anammox process propagation (Zekker et al 2011). Dilution of supernatant was prepared by mixing reject water with tap water once a week and stored at the room temperature.…”

Section: Influentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

et al. 2011

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After sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO) was first assumed in 2001, several works have been published describing this process in laboratory-scale bioreactors or occurring in the nature. In this paper, the SRAO process was performed using reject water as a substrate for microorganisms and a source of NH(4) (+), with SO(4) (2-) being added as an electron acceptor. At a moderate temperature of 20°C in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) sulfate reduction along with ammonium oxidation were established. In an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) the SRAO process took place at 36°C. Average volumetric TN removal rates of 0.03 kg-N/m³/day in the MBBR and 0.04 kg-N/m³/day in the UASBR were achieved, with long-term moderate average removal efficiencies, respectively. Uncultured bacteria clone P4 and uncultured planctomycete clone Amx-PAn30 were detected from the biofilm of the MBBR, from sludge of the UASBR uncultured Verrucomicrobiales bacterium clone De2102 and Uncultured bacterium clone ATB-KS-1929 were found also. The stoichiometrical ratio of NH(4) (+) removal was significantly higher than could be expected from the extent of SO(4) (2-) reduction. This phenomenon can primarily be attributed to complex interactions between nitrogen and sulfur compounds and organic matter present in the wastewater. The high NH(4) (+) removal ratio can be attributed to sulfur-utilizing denitrification/denitritation providing the evidence that SRAO is occurring independently and is not a result of sulfate reduction and anammox. HCO(3) (-) concentrations exceeding 1,000 mg/l were found to have an inhibiting effect on the SRAO process. Small amounts of hydrazine were naturally present in the reaction medium, indicating occurrence of the anammox process. Injections of anammox intermediates, hydrazine and hydroxylamine, had a positive effect on SRAO process performance, particularly in the case of the UASBR.

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Section: Influentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

et al. 2011

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“…Based on the r/K theory, to achieve both a high nitrification rate and efficiency, acclimating r-strategy nitrifiers would be advantageous in saving the system footprint, etc. Nitritation can be achieved by controlling the operating parameters, including dissolved oxygen (DO), SRT, hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH, temperature (T), substrate concentration, and so on [8][9][10][11]. Because nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) have a lower affinity for DO than ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), AOB will over-compete NOB under low DO conditions, resulting in NO2-N accumulation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitritation and N2O Emission in a Denitrification and Nitrification Two-Sludge System Treating High Ammonium Containing Wastewater

Zheng

Xing

2014

Water

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Abstract:The effective management of high ammonium containing wastewater is important for the sustainable development of the wastewater industry. A pre-denitrification and post-nitrification two-sludge system was proposed to treat high ammonium containing wastewater with low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios. In the system, pre-denitrification was adopted to use organic carbon in raw wastewater efficiently for nitrogen removal, while post-nitrification was adopted to achieve nitritation. System performance and the characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission were examined. As to the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) concentration, both 800 mg/L, nitrogen removal was mainly through pre-denitrification, and the nitrogen removal percentage was 43.4%. In post-nitrification, nitritation was achieved with a nitrite accumulation efficiency of 97.8% and a NH4-N removal loading rate of 0.45 g/(L·d). With nitrite as the electron acceptor during denitrification, its removal rate increased, while the N2O emission factor decreased with increasing C/N ratios. Nitrification was affected significantly by the aeration rate. When the aeration rate was below 0.6 L/min, the NH4-N removal rate increased, while the N2O emission rate decreased with increasing aeration rates. However, when the aeration rate was above 0.6 L/min, it had little influence on N2O OPEN ACCESSWater 2014, 6 2979 emission. During nitrification, N2O emission factors decreased exponentially with increasing ammonium oxidation rates.

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“…This carrier has been widely studied in moving bed research by other authors, such as Melin et al (2005), Canziani et al (2006), Leiknes and Ødegaard (2007) and Falletti and Conte (2007). Also, similar carriers, such as Bioflow 9 Media, have been used in other studies (Zekker et al 2011(Zekker et al , 2012a. The carriers were contained in the cylindrical reactor with a 20 ± 0.19 % filling ratio (rate between the apparent carrier volume and the operational volume of the bioreactor).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of hydraulic retention time on heterotrophic biomass in a wastewater moving bed membrane bioreactor treatment plant

Martín-Pascual

Reboleiro-Rivas

López-López

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Wastewater treatment using moving bed membrane bioreactor technology was tested with real urban wastewater at a pilot plant, combining moving bed treatment as a biological process with hybrid biomass (suspended and fixed) and the advantages of a membrane separation system. The evolution of the kinetic constants of the hybrid biomass and organic matter removal were studied in a pilot plant under different operational conditions, by varying hydraulic retention time (HRT), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and temperature, and considering the attached biomass of the carrier and the dispersed biomass of the flocs to reproduce real treatment conditions. The rates of organic matter removal were 97.73 ± 0.81 % of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), 93.44 ± 2.13 % of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 94.41 ± 2.26 % of BOD 5 and 87.62 ± 2.47 % of COD using 24.00 ± 0.39 and 10.00 ± 0.07 h of HRT, respectively. The influence of the environmental variables and operational conditions on kinetic constants was studied; it was determined that the most influential variable for the decay coefficient for heterotrophic biomass was HRT (0.34 ± 0.14 and 0.31 ± 0.10 days -1 with 10.00 ± 0.07 and 24.00 ± 0.39 h of HRT, respectively), while for heterotrophic biomass yield, this was temperature (0.61 ± 0.04 and 0.52 ± 0.06 with 10.00 ± 0.07 and 24.00 ± 0.39 h of HRT, respectively). The results show that introducing carriers in an MBR system provides similar results for organic matter removal, but with a lower concentration of MLSS.

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Modification of nitrifying biofilm into nitritating one by combination of increased free ammonia concentrations, lowered HRT and dissolved oxygen concentration

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

Nitritation and N2O Emission in a Denitrification and Nitrification Two-Sludge System Treating High Ammonium Containing Wastewater

Influence of hydraulic retention time on heterotrophic biomass in a wastewater moving bed membrane bioreactor treatment plant

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