Modification of nitrogen doped carbon for SILP catalyzed hydroformylation of ethylene

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped carbon is a new material for SILP catalysts that show improved performance as function of N-content and surface basicity.

Multi-walled carbon nanotube-based composite materials as catalyst support for water–gas shift and hydroformylation reactions

“…Recently, we have shown that polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC) can serve as support for SILP hydroformylation catalysts. 17,18 Proper surface modication can yield SILP catalysts with TOF of 700 mol pentanal mol Rh h À1 in gas-phase 1-butene hydroformylation. 18 Using another carbonaceous material, in 2014 Gendel et al demonstrated the fabrication of freestanding hollow bers made only from multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT).…”

Polymeric Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Hydroformylation of Unsaturated Compounds

“…For historical perspective, mention should be made of the scientifi c studies where different types of inorganic carriers such as silicon oxide [4][5][6][7], zeolites [8][9][10], and activated carbon [11,12] were used as materials for immobilization of metal complexes. The range of insoluble carriers used in the processes was considerably expanded thereafter, and at present the main metal fi xing methods include: incorporation of metal nanoparticles into the structures of various materials [13,18]; fi xing the rhodium complexes in the structure of the material by intercalation [19]; encapsulation of phosphine or a phosphine complex into mesopores or nanopores of the carrier [20,21]; the sol-gel method, "grafting" of a phosphine-containing hydrocarbon radical onto the carrier surface, and other methods of covalent bonding of phosphine fragments on an inorganic, hybrid or organic substrate, wherein rhodium is subsequently introduced [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]; fi xing of phosphine or a phosphine complex on the surface by means of ionic interactions [29]; fi xing of catalysts soluble in polar liquids (water and ionic liquid) in the thin hydrophilic layer of the carrier, which most frequently is silica gel SAPC/SIPC (Supported Aqueous/Ionic Liquid Phase Catalysts) [30,31]; creation of structures containing single rhodium atoms, as per the "single atom" concept [32], such as the cases in which nano-objects (nanosheets and nanofi bers) made of cobalt oxide [33] or zirconium oxide [34] were obtained and their catalytic properties were studied. Heterogeneous modifi ed rhodium clusters [35] and an iron-based catalyst [36] are also reported to have been used.…”

Acetylene hydrochlorination over supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) gold-based catalyst: Stabilization of cationic Au species via chemical activation of hydrogen chloride and corresponding mechanisms

“…Supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts, a special variant of supported liquid phase catalysts, feature the advantages of heterogeneous and molecular catalysis due to the immobilization of the catalytically active components in the ionic liquid (IL) layer [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. Previous reports have shown the successful application of IL-immobilized catalysts in reactions such as hydroformylation of olefins [54,55], hydrogenation [56,57], gas-shift reaction [58,59], and hydrosilylation [60,61].…”