Modification of Paraffin-based Hybrid Rocket Fuels Using Structural Lattices

Hill, Colin; McDougall, Connor C.; Messinger, Troy L.; Johansen, Craig T.

doi:10.2514/6.2019-4191

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The authors believe that the rough embedded structure causes an increase in convective heat transfer which resulted in increased regression rates experienced by the armored grains [41]. In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D caused the paraffin-based fuel grain to turn from briGle to ductile [42], provided beGer mechanical improvements than some paraffin additives [42], and increased regression rates when compared to pure paraffin [41].…”

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The authors believe that the rough embedded structure causes an increase in convective heat transfer which resulted in increased regression rates experienced by the armored grains [41]. In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i.…”

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D slab burner showed that the addition of the embedded structure slightly decreased regression rates [46], which contradicts conclusions that can be drawn from the findings at SPLab [41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ballistic tests from a 2D In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D slab burner showed that the addition of the embedded structure slightly decreased regression rates [46], which contradicts conclusions that can be drawn from the findings at SPLab [41][42][43][44][45]. However, the addition of the structure showed potential to decrease sloughing and increase combustion stability.…”

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Additively Manufactured Fuels for Hybrid Rockets

Nguyen

Thomas

2023

Aerospace

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Hybrid rocket engine (HRE) performance is dependent on fuel/oxidizer selection and fuel grain geometry. A literature review was performed to identify key trends and findings related to the application of the additive manufacturing (AM) of fuel systems for HREs. The effects of complex combustion port geometries, embedded structures, and end-burning systems, along with the use of metallic additives, turbulators, diaphragms, gel-like fuels, powdered fuels, liquid fuels, and liquifying fuels and their impact on regression rates, combustion efficiencies, and/or mechanical strength are thoroughly documented here. In general, the application of AM to HRE fuels can be implemented to increase regression rates and combustion efficiency, and tailor HRE designs. Chemical equilibrium analysis computations were completed to characterize the theoretical performance of HTPB and common AM fuels (ABS, PLA, PC, PMMA, Nylon 6, and a UV-based fuel) with common oxidizers (LOX and N2O). AM fuels exhibit a similar theoretical performance as the commonly used HTPB fuel, and proper selection of the fuel can yield improved performance and design metrics. Development of AM approaches for HRE fuel design have significantly expanded their design trade space and should enable the competitive application of HREs for future propulsion missions.

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Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The authors believe that the rough embedded structure causes an increase in convective heat transfer which resulted in increased regression rates experienced by the armored grains [41]. In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i. Ballistic tests from a 2D In a similar work, Hill et al [46] tested armored grains that comprised a PLA Schoen gyroid (10 vol.%) embedded in paraffin, as shown in Figure 16i.…”

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Embedded Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Additively Manufactured Fuels for Hybrid Rockets

Nguyen

Thomas

2023

Aerospace

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“…Innovative structural matrices embedded within the grain are also being investigated in an attempt to minimise the inclusion of regression dampening materials. Initial tests indicate a reduced regression, yet the performance and structural properties are matrix material and geometry dependant (Hill et al 2019).…”

Section: Structural Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit Modelling of the Ignition Transient Structural Response of a Paraffin Wax Hybrid Rocket Motor Fuel Grain

Veale

Adali

Pitot

et al. 2021

J. Aerosp. Technol. Manag.

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Paraffin wax has been identified as a hybrid rocket motor fuel, which offers enhanced regression rates and improved combustion performance. While various investigations into the performance of this class of fuels are being conducted around the world, the consideration of its structural performance is often overlooked. The research presented here establishes a simplified, yet accurate method of defining the structural performance of a paraffin wax hybrid fuel grain to be introduced early in the design phase of a motor. The use of the Johnson-Cook (J-C) material model has been verified to work within the "low speed" ignition range experienced in paraffin wax/N 2 O hybrid motors, and therefore is used to predict failure in a variety of motors. The resultant stress profiles within the grains indicate that the grain outer to inner diameter (OD/ID) ratio, as well as the outer diameter (OD) itself, play an important role in the grain ability to withstand the loading conditions applied. Additionally, the grain structural properties, and the stiffness of the combustion chamber affect the severity of the internal stresses in the grain. The feasibility of large-scale pure paraffin wax grains without structural enhancement additives is thus found to be poor. Fuel additives should be considered for structural enhancement.

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A new strategy for the reinforcement of paraffin-based fuels based on cellular structures: The armored grain — Ballistic characterization

Bisin

Paravan

2023

Acta Astronautica

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Modification of Paraffin-based Hybrid Rocket Fuels Using Structural Lattices

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Performance of Additively Manufactured Fuels for Hybrid Rockets

Performance of Additively Manufactured Fuels for Hybrid Rockets

Explicit Modelling of the Ignition Transient Structural Response of a Paraffin Wax Hybrid Rocket Motor Fuel Grain

A new strategy for the reinforcement of paraffin-based fuels based on cellular structures: The armored grain — Ballistic characterization

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