Modification of pristine nanoclay and its application in wood-plastic composite

Yadav, Sumit Manohar; Yusoh, Kamal

doi:10.1515/epoly-2016-0217

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This result is consistent with a wood-plastic composites study, in which the modification process reduced the size of nanoclay tactoids and resulted in better NP dispersion [38]. The decreased size of tactoids might be related to the ion exchange of Na + and Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ions from the MMT lamellar structure [39]. Besides, the binding energies of the iron was detected at about 0.6, 6.3 and 7.0 keV [28] as shown by the EDX spectra.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Yew

Shameli

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Discovery of a novel anticancer drug delivery agent is important to replace conventional cancer therapies which are often accompanied by undesired side effects. This study demonstrated the synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanocomposites (Fe3O4-NCs) using a green method. Montmorillonite (MMT) was used as matrix support, while Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and carrageenan (CR) were used as filler and stabilizer, respectively. The combination of these materials resulted in a novel nanocomposite (MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs). A series of characterization experiments was conducted. The purity of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis revealed the uniform and spherical shape of Fe3O4 NPs with an average particle size of 9.3 ± 1.2 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis showed an Ms value of 2.16 emu/g with negligible coercivity which confirmed the superparamagnetic properties. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) was loaded onto the MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs and a drug release study showed that 15% and 92% of PCA was released at pH 7.4 and 4.8, respectively. Cytotoxicity assays showed that both MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs and MMT/CR/Fe3O4-PCA effectively killed HCT116 which is a colorectal cancer cell line. Dose-dependent inhibition was seen and the killing was enhanced two-fold by the PCA-loaded NCs (IC50–0.734 mg/mL) compared to the unloaded NCs (IC50–1.5 mg/mL). This study highlights the potential use of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs as a biologically active pH-responsive drug delivery agent. Further investigations are warranted to delineate the mechanism of cell entry and cancer cell killing as well as to improve the therapeutic potential of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Yew

Shameli

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Neat and modified montmorillonites (MMTs) generally have a wide variety of particle sizes 43 . It has been reported that after the modification process, the agglomerations in pristine MMT decreased and the NC agglomerates decreased in size 44 . The particle size distribution of unmodified and modified NCs is presented in Figure 3b,d, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…43 It has been reported that after the modification process, the agglomerations in pristine MMT decreased and the NC agglomerates decreased in size. 44 The particle size distribution of unmodified and modified NCs is presented in Figure 3b,d, respectively. It was found that the size of NC particles decreased after modification.…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Özmeral

Soydal

Kocaman

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, bisphenol A-type epoxy (ER) and epoxy phenol novolac resins (EPN) with two amine-type curing agents (KH 816 and IPOX EH 2041) having different total amine values were selected. The mechanical properties and density of the EPN resin were found higher in the case of both curing agents. EPN was modified with polystyrene (EPN-PS) and used as a matrix using an IPOX hardener. Nano-and hybrid composites were prepared with pristine and modified with tetramethylammonium chloride nano montmorillonite (NC and MNC), and red mud waste (RMW). The chemical structure was elucidated by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Appropriate PS and NC ratio was accepted as 4% and 2% by weight, respectively. Curing degrees calculated from the FT-IR spectra of ER, EPN, and EPN-PS were 99.3%, 99.9%, and 86.5%, respectively. A comparative study of the two binary systems; (i) 2 wt% NC-(15-35) wt% RMW; and (ii) 2 wt% of MNC-(15-35) wt% of RMW on the mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties of EPN-PS matrix was carried out. The appropriate RMW ratio was 30 wt%. Hybrid composites with 25-30 wt% RMW can be considered self-extinguishing materials.

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“…Membranes 2023, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 11 of 17 persion. Therefore, for better compatibility and a homogenous dispersion, the clay surface needs to be modified using a cationic surfactant [36][37][38].…”

Section: Application Of Clay-based Nano Pigment For Colored Polymeric...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Colored Polymeric Membrane Using Clay-Based Nano Pigments of Safranin O (SO) Dye

Mohan

Kumari

et al. 2023

Membranes

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In the present work, a novel methodology was developed for the fabrication of clay-based nano pigments with enhanced thermal stability and used further as a colorant to prepare polymeric membranes. Initially, the batch extraction studies were performed to analyze the maximum adsorption of Safranin O (SO) dye onto pristine montmorillonite (Mt) and organo montmorillonite (OMt) by varying different parameters like pH, contact time, and concentration. It was confirmed from batch extraction studies that the adsorption efficacy of pristine Mt for SO was found to be more than OMt due to their negatively charged surface. Clay-based nano pigments were fabricated by considering the optimized condition where the maximum uptake of SO was observed and further characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, and SEM techniques. XRD studies confirmed the intercalation of SO dye while FTIR spectra revealed surface interaction of the dye with Mt/OMt. TGA studies showed that the clay-based nano pigments had more thermal stability than pure SO. Nano pigments were used as colorants to prepare thin, transparent, and homogeneously dispersed polymeric membranes through the solvent casting method. XRD studies of the polymeric membrane confirmed that the intercalation of poly methylmethacrylate (PMMA) into the interlayer of clay increases interlayer spacing, which was further confirmed by the TEM analysis. The mechanical properties of the PMMA polymeric membrane were also enhanced after the dispersion of clay-based nano pigments.

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Modification of pristine nanoclay and its application in wood-plastic composite

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Fabrication of Colored Polymeric Membrane Using Clay-Based Nano Pigments of Safranin O (SO) Dye

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