Modification of rubber by ion bombardment

Bieliński, Dariusz M.; Pieczynska, Diana; Ostaszewska, U.; Jagielski, J.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2011.08.068

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Application of ion beam treatment significantly reduces friction, what has been demonstrated in our previous papers [2,7,8]. It works also for special purpose elastomers, for which conventional "wet" treatment is ineffective [8], what becomes important for demanding aerospace and automotive applications. Modification of friction can be obtained for any kinds of ions used for bombardment, but its effectiveness depends on the ion dose, what is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The above reported structural and chemical changes modify mechanical and tribological properties of elastomers also in the macro-scale [15,16]. Application of ion beam treatment significantly reduces friction, what has been demonstrated in our previous papers [2,7,8]. It works also for special purpose elastomers, for which conventional "wet" treatment is ineffective [8], what becomes important for demanding aerospace and automotive applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Free radicals, present in the surface layer of elastomers, can also react readily with atmospheric oxygen, additionally modifying chemically the materials. Our previous studies using Rutheford back scattering (RBS) spectroscopy, confirmed on oxidation of the rubber vulcanizates [8], which was hardly detected by FT-IR. Crosslinking of macromolecules makes the surface layer shrunk, what results in its cracking, finally increasing surface microroughness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…From our recent work it follows, that interactions between the ion beam and rubber macromolecules seem to be mainly of energetic character [6]. As a result hydrogen release takes place, which initiates further modification of rubber [7,8]. Depending on its macromolecular structure, graphitization can be preferably accompanied either by degradation or crosslinking.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Application of ion bombardment to modify tribological properties of elastomers

2014

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In the paper effects of surface modification of various elastomers upon irradiation with H + , He + , F + or Ar + ions are presented. Changes to chemical composition and physical structure of rubber macromolecules are discussed in terms of influence of the treatment on modification of surface layer of the elastomers. Hydrogen release induced graphitization together with post-treatment oxidation of rubber macromolecules increase surface wettability of the materials, facilitating lowering of "wet" friction. Free radicals being created due to interactions between energetic ions and macromolecules produce additional crosslinking, which manifests itself by increased hardness of the elastomers. Modification of mechanical properties of the surface layer changes mechanism of elastomer friction from the bulk to the surface one, what results in significant reduction of friction. Despite crosslinking induced shrinkage of the surface layer, which results in its micro-cracking, ion beam treated elastomers showed to be wear resistant due to the lack of delamination under stress. Interesting results were obtained for heavy Ar + ions surface etched butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber/multiwalled carbon nanotube (NBR/MWCNT) composites. Nanotube agglomerates created from rubber substrate resulted in "island" morphology, significantly reducing friction of the material.

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