Modification of Steel and Alloys with Rare-Earth Elements. Part 2*

Смирнов, Л. А.; Ровнушкин, В. А.; Орыщенко, А. С.; Kalinin, G. Yu.; Milyuts, V. G.

doi:10.1007/s11015-016-0249-z

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This leads to the increase in toughness. In addition, the added rare earth cerium may decontaminate the grain boundary by eliminating the concentration of harmful elements concentrated in it to improve the strength of the grain boundary [11,12]. Ultimately, the grain boundary can absorb more energy of the crack propagation when the alloys bear impact load.…”

Section: Influence Of Cerium On the Mechanical Properties Of The Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rare earth cerium on the impact toughness, corrosion and wear resistance of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel

Lei

Wang³

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The effects of the addition of rare earth cerium on the impact corrosion and wear resistance of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel were studied using metallurgical microscopy, scanning electron microscope, x‐ray powder diffraction, a hardness tester, an impact tester, and an impact corrosion abrasion tester. The properties of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel with the addition of cerium were compared with that of CrNiMnMo steel without the addition of cerium after being heat treated by same processes. The results show that CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel with the addition of rare earth cerium consisted of lath martensite with a low residual austenite phase after being quenched and tempered. The lath of the martensite was fine and uniform. The impact toughness and the corrosion resistance of the steel lining board improved greatly with the addition of cerium and the impact toughness increased by 22 % with the fracture mode of being ductile. The CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel with cerium showed the highest resistance to impact corrosion abrasion compared with the alloy without cerium.

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Section: Influence Of Cerium On the Mechanical Properties Of The Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rare earth cerium on the impact toughness, corrosion and wear resistance of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel

Lei

Wang³

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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“…Although additions of REs in these steels led to significant grain refinement, the actual mechanisms of how rare earths refine the grains and their effects on mechanical properties are still unclear. Commonly, it is considered that RE additions lead to either purification of liquid steels [32], modification of inclusions [32][33][34], a microalloying effect [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], grain refinement [32,34], or their combinations. Previously reported results about the grain refinement during solidification of steels by adding lanthanum or/and cerium are rather inconsistent.…”

Section: • Chemical Grain Refinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Zhang

Ren

2018

Metals

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Refinement of as-cast structures is one of the most effective approaches to improve mechanical properties, formability, and surface quality of steel castings and ingots. In the past few decades, addition of rare earths (REs), lanthanum and cerium in particular, has been considered as a practical and effective method to refine the as-cast steels. However, previous reports contained inconsistent, sometime even contradictory, results. This review summaries the major published results on investigation of the roles of lanthanum or/and cerium in various steels, provides reviews on the similarity and difference of previous studies, and clarifies the inconsistent results. The proposed mechanisms of grain refinement by the addition of lanthanum or/and cerium are also reviewed. It is concluded that the grain refinement of steels by RE additions is attributed to either heterogeneous nucleation on the in-situ formed RE inclusions, a solute effect, or the combined effect of both. The models/theories for evaluation of heterogeneous nucleation potency and for solute effect on grain refinement of cast metals are also briefly summarized.

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“…RE can modify such inclusions to form small‐sized spherical RE inclusions, reducing the number of active sites for corrosion, and thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of low‐alloy steels. [ 4,9–11 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion behavior and kinetics model of rare earth low‐alloy steel in a soil simulation solution

Zhang

Dong

Ding

et al. 2022

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion behavior of rare earth (RE) low-alloy steel in soil simulation solution was investigated by immersion test, electrochemical experiment, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, compared with Q450 weathering steel. The kinetics model of all steels in soil simulation solution was established. The pitting corrosion mechanism of nonmetallic and RE inclusions was discussed. The results revealed that the RE improved the corrosion resistance of low-alloy steel by modifying inclusions and promoting the formation of a dense protective film. The steel containing 0.0047% RE achieved the best corrosion resistance. The corrosion product layers were mainly composed of γ-FeOOH, α-FeOOH, Fe 3 O 4 , and Fe(OH) 3 . The results of the kinetic model showed that the dissolution of the anode was the restricted link of the whole process. The lowest apparent corrosion rate constant k of the sample containing 0.0047% RE was 2.359 × 10 −4 μm/h in the soil simulation solution. The kinetic model could serve as a method to predict the service life of steel parts.

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Modification of Steel and Alloys with Rare-Earth Elements. Part 2*

Cited by 29 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of rare earth cerium on the impact toughness, corrosion and wear resistance of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel

Effect of rare earth cerium on the impact toughness, corrosion and wear resistance of CrNiMnMo alloyed lining steel

Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Corrosion behavior and kinetics model of rare earth low‐alloy steel in a soil simulation solution

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