Modification of titanium oxide layer by calcium and phosphorus

Simka, Wojciech; Iwaniak, A.; Nawrat, G.; Maciej, Artur; Michalska, Joanna; Radwański, Krzysztof; Gazdowicz, J.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.07.010

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The E OCP values of the CMo-EMo and Ti-15Mo samples increase over time. These results are typical for non-treated or oxidised titanium alloys in a chloride-containing medium, such as Ringer's solution [14,20]. The value of the recorded E OCP potential for pure Ti-15Mo alloy (Table 5) agrees well with the value from ref.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characteristics Of Selected Samples In Ringesupporting

confidence: 80%

“…HA is therefore used as a coating material on metallic implants, such as those made of titanium and its alloys [12]. Among the different methods developed to form HA or HA-type coatings on Ti and its alloys, the hydrothermal method [13] and anodic oxidation [14] are the most common methods used. Surface characterisation is very important to ensure a reasonable growth rate and good adhesion of HA to the titanium surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modification of a Ti–Mo alloy surface via plasma electrolytic oxidation in a solution containing calcium and phosphorus

Simka

Krząkała

Korotin

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tInvestigations into the surface modification of a Ti-15Mo alloy via plasma electrolytic oxidation are reported. The oxidation process was conducted in a solution containing Ca(H 2 PO 2 ) 2 , H 3 PO 4 , or (HCOO) 2 Ca. Anodisation was performed at voltages in the range of 100-400 V. The morphology of the sample surface did not change during alloy oxidation at lower voltages. Higher voltages led to the incorporation of calcium and phosphorus or of calcium only into the formed oxide layer and to significant modification of the surface morphology. Based on the SEM and EDX analysis results, a set of samples was selected for further investigations. To study the surface of the Ti-Mo alloy after anodic oxidation, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thin-layer X-ray diffraction (TL-XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical characteristics of the modified alloy in Ringer's solution were determined. Anodisation results in a considerable increase in the corrosion resistance of the Ti-15Mo alloy.

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Section: Electrochemical Characteristics Of Selected Samples In Ringesupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of a Ti–Mo alloy surface via plasma electrolytic oxidation in a solution containing calcium and phosphorus

Simka

Krząkała

Korotin

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

Self Cite

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“…The porous coatings obtained with such a method are mostly used as biomaterials, and are enriched with calcium and phosphorus to form a structure similar to that of hydroxyapatite [10], which may be doped by the addition of bactericidal copper [11], as well as zinc [12] and magnesium [13], added in case of acceleration of wound healing. The PEO processes may be performed under DC [7], AC [14,15], and pulse regime [16,17], which yields coatings with different porosities and chemical compositions, and also with different coating thicknesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Porous Phosphate Coatings Enriched with Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc and Copper Created on CP Titanium Grade 2 by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Rokosz

Hryniewicz

Kacalak

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:In the paper, the effect of voltage increase (from 500 V DC up to 650 V DC ) on the structure and chemical composition of the porous coating on titanium made by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation is presented. Phosphates-based coatings enriched with calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper in electrolyte based on 1 L of 85% concentrated H 3 PO 4 , with additions of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, and Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, and Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ·3H 2 O, are described. The morphology and chemical and phase composition are evaluated using SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, GDOES, and CLSM. Based on these analyses, it was found that PEO coatings are porous and enriched with calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper. They consist mainly of the amorphous phase, which is more visible for higher voltages; this is correlated with an increase in the total PEO coating thickness (the higher the voltage, the thicker the PEO coating). However, for 650 V DC , an amorphous phase and titanium substrate were also recorded, with a signal from Ti 2 P 2 O 7 crystalline that was not observed for lower voltages. It was also found that all obtained coatings may be divided into three sub-layers, i.e., porous, semiporous, and transitional.

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“…To prepare the nano-layers with expected chemical composition and mechanical properties, the electropolishing (EP) [1], magnetoelectropolishing (MEP) [2], and high-current density electropolishing (HDEP) [3] processes are employed, while for obtaining the micro scale layers, the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO), known also as Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) [4][5][6], should be used. That method may be used to oxidize inter alia the titanium [7][8][9][10], its alloys (Ti6Al4V [11][12], Ti6Al7Nb [13], NiTi [14], TiNbZr [15], TiNbZrSn [16]) as well as niobium [18] and tantalum [19]. In addition, it has to be pointed that PEO coatings may be enriched also in other elements, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterisation of porous, calcium enriched coatings on titanium after plasma electrolytic oxidation under DC regime

Rokosz

Hryniewicz

Pietrzak

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science

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The purpose of this work is to produce and characterize (chemical composition and roughness parameters) porous coatings enriched in calcium and phosphorus on the titanium (CP Titanium Grade 2) by plasma electrolytic oxidation. As an electrolyte, a mixture of phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 and calcium nitrate Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O was used. Based on obtained EDS and roughness results of PEO coatings, the effect of PEO voltages on the chemical composition and surface roughness of porous coatings was determined. With voltage increasing from 450 V to 650 V, the calcium in PEO coatings obtained in freshly prepared electrolyte was also found to increase. In addition, the Ca/P ratio increased linearly with voltage increasing according to the formula Ca/P = 0.035·U+0.176 (by wt%) and Ca/P = 0.03·U+0.13 (by at%). It was also noticed that the surface roughness increases with the voltage increasing, what is related to the change in coating porosity, i.e. the higher is the surface roughness, the bigger are pores sizes obtained.

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Modification of titanium oxide layer by calcium and phosphorus

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

Modification of a Ti–Mo alloy surface via plasma electrolytic oxidation in a solution containing calcium and phosphorus

Modification of a Ti–Mo alloy surface via plasma electrolytic oxidation in a solution containing calcium and phosphorus

Characterization of Porous Phosphate Coatings Enriched with Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc and Copper Created on CP Titanium Grade 2 by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Fabrication and characterisation of porous, calcium enriched coatings on titanium after plasma electrolytic oxidation under DC regime

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