Modifications of adrenocortical responses following frontal cortex simulation in rats with hypothalamic deafferentations and medial forebrain bundle lesions

Feldman, Shaul; Conforti, N.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(85)90253-2

Cited by 59 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This might indicate that the cell will be exposed to continual action of stress stimulus without a period in which it may restore its homeostasis. The similarity in changes of GR and Hsp 70 levels in these structures under various stress conditions implies that both proteins are mutually interregulated [12,13] or coregulated by a common stress-activated transcription factor, such as CREB, AP-1, or NF-Îß [6,22,31,34]. The results of the present study strongly suggest that both GR and Hsp 70 levels could serve as useful cytosolic parameters for discrimination of previous chronic stress exposure, rather than stress intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Also, it should be emphasized that from the two psychosocial stressors applied in this study (isolation and crowding) the former seems to be a stress of higher intensity than the latter, as judged by both plasma ACTH and CORT content and intracellular GR and Hsp 70 levels. In addition, swimming as simultaneous psychosocial and physical stress affected only the Hsp 70 level, suggesting that the regulation of this protein may be separate from GR regulation, especially in the brain cortex [22,24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to that, a number of data indicated that apart from the hippocampus, chronic stress may also affect the brain cortex [20][21][22]. Recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of chronic stress action at the intracellular level indicate that LHPA dysregulation originates from disruption of GR negative feedback which is, at least in part, due to disruption of nucleo-cytoplasmic GR shuttling [23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Glucocorticoid Receptor and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Rats Exposed to Acute, Chronic or Combined Stress

et al. 2005

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The pattern and intensity of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and heat shock 70 protein (Hsp 70) changes in the hippocampus and brain cortex of adult Wistar rat males exposed to acute (immobilization, cold) and chronic (social isolation, crowding, daily swimming) stress or their combinations were followed by Western immunoblotting. Plasma ACTH and CORT were measured by chemiluminescent method and RIA. A significant decrease in cytosol GR and Hsp 70 was observed after acute stress, while chronic stresses led to negligible changes in both these proteins and caused a reduced responsiveness to a novel acute stress. This was valid irrespective of the type of chronic or acute stress combinations for both hippocampal and cortical GR and Hsp 70. The results support the hypothesis that chronic stress-induced deregulation of the LHPA axis may be caused, at least in part, by partial disruption of intracelullar negative feedback control in the higher centers of the brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Glucocorticoid Receptor and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Rats Exposed to Acute, Chronic or Combined Stress

et al. 2005

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“…Forebrain regions are among the suprahypothalamic centers known to participate in the stress response [56]. In our study, acute swimming stress significantly altered GR gene expression in the frontal cortex in a gender-specific manner, while no alterations were detected in the chronic stress paradigms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Forced Swimming Differentially Affects Male and Female Brain Corticosteroid Receptors

Karandrea¹,

Kittas²,

Kitraki³

2002

Neuroendocrinology

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Corticosteroid receptors are key mediators of the neuroendocrine response to stress. Previously, we have determined the effects of restraint stress on the regulation of corticosteroid receptor genes in the brain and pituitary of male and female rats. Significant gender- and regional-specific regulation of receptor mRNAs was observed. To further investigate the stressor specificity in the same context, we have determined glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNAs following exposure to swimming stress paradigms applied alone, or in combination with restraint stress. Our data revealed stressor-specific alterations in GR or MR mRNA levels, which were more pronounced in males, the gender most affected by swimming stress. No alterations in GR or MR mRNA levels were detected in the female hippocampus and hypothalamus upon exposure to swimming paradigms, while in males the same stressors down-regulated GR mRNA in the hippocampus (chronic exposure) and up-regulated both genes in the hypothalamus (acute exposure). In the frontal cortex, acute swimming stress caused a reciprocal change in GR mRNA levels in the two sexes. The above difference is not due to circulating ovarian steroids, since ovariectomy did not change the female pattern of GR gene expression following acute stress. Our results further showed a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis facilitation to a novel superimposed stressor expressed at the level of limbic corticosteroid receptors: When chronically restrained rats of both sexes were exposed to acute swimming stress, a reduced GR/MR mRNA ratio, implying reduced feedback axis sensitivity, was detected in both the hippocampus and the hypothalamus. In conclusion, our work provides additional evidence on stressor, gender and region specificity in the regulation of brain corticosteroid receptors.

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“…Like the hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex also plays an important role in negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis (Meaney et al, 1996). Studies in rats (Bagley & Moghaddam, 1997;Feldman & Conforti, 1985;Moghaddam, 1993) and humans (Murros et al, 1993;Shimizu et al, 1997) show that the PFC is a significant target for the negative-feedback actions of circulating corticosteroids. Direct implants of corticosterone into the medial prefrontal region decrease stress-induced ACTH and corticosterone secretion following acute or repeated restraint (Akana et al, 2001;Diorio et al, 1993).…”

Section: Endocrine Stress Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychobiological Stress and Preterm Birth

Sandman¹,

Davis²,

Glynn³

2012

Preterm Birth - Mother and Child

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Modifications of adrenocortical responses following frontal cortex simulation in rats with hypothalamic deafferentations and medial forebrain bundle lesions

Cited by 59 publications

References 9 publications

Brain Glucocorticoid Receptor and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Rats Exposed to Acute, Chronic or Combined Stress

Brain Glucocorticoid Receptor and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Rats Exposed to Acute, Chronic or Combined Stress

Forced Swimming Differentially Affects Male and Female Brain Corticosteroid Receptors

Psychobiological Stress and Preterm Birth

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