Modifications of commercial pressurized solvent extraction (PSE) systems for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in avian whole blood and serum

Haskins, Stacey D.; Harrison, C. M.; Kelly, D. G.; Weir, Ron D.

doi:10.1139/v10-164

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…The closed systems retain semivolatiles and operate over a wider range of total extracted mass than supercritical fluids. PFE has been commercialised by three vendors and modifications to commercial systems can be accomplished for research purposes [8,9]. Whilst some workers accommodate small sizes or achieve in situ clean-up by changes in the type and amount of extraction vessel packing, others have constructed dedicated systems [10][11][12][13].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pressurized fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using silanized extraction vessels

et al. 2012

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We have investigated the extraction efficiency of a pressurized fluid extraction system using an Ottawa sand matrix, soils and a certified reference material (HS-6) spiked with the 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) associated with method EPA 8100. Acceptable recoveries were achieved for all PAHs using a nominal sand concentration of 2.0 μg.g -1 . However, similar experiments that were conducted at a concentration of 0.20 μg.g -1 afforded poor recoveries and poor reproducibility for the six-ring PAHs indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene, dibenz(a)anthracene, and benzo(ghi)perylene. These were not adequately addressed by the use of indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene-d12 and benzo(g,h,i)perylene-d12 surrogates. Silanization of vessels using dichlorodimethylsilane adequately passivates the system but is only required for the high surface area retention frits. Replicate analyses at concentrations of 200 and 20 ng.g -1 demonstrated that detection limits in the low ppb range (ng.g -1 ) are achieved for Ottawa sand, dry soil and soil with moisture contents up to a mass fraction of 30 %. Such performance is consistent with the analytical requirements of the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines. Improved analyte recoveries were also observed for the certified reference material HS-6 which were further improved by increasing extraction temperatures from 100 to 150°C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using silanized extraction vessels

et al. 2012

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Field confirmation of modified pressurized solvent extraction vessels for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in blood samples from Great Lakes Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Haskins

Kelly

Weir

2013

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Miniaturized pressurized solvent extraction vessels were used to examine polychlorinated biphenyl congener (PCB) concentrations in 0.2 g sample sizes of whole blood, liver, heart and breast tissue sampled from twelve Great Lakes Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). This study successfully supported the blood extraction method, previously validated only using laboratory prepared blood samples, using field samples. In situ clean-up offered excellent sample throughput without degradation of GC-MS performance; using this method, extraction, instrument analysis and data interpretation for 100 samples could be accomplished within a one to two week time period. Results indicated contamination in the blood (∑PCB = 1.9-13 ng g(-1) ww), liver (∑PCB = 0.8-11 ng g(-1) ww), breast (∑PCB = <0.1-9 ng g(-1) ww) and heart tissue (∑PCB = <0.1-6 ng g(-1) ww). Quality control included the analysis of blank samples, NIST SRM 1589a and a duplicate of each sample type (blood or tissue). All blank samples were below the method detection limit, SRM values were within 70% of their certified values and duplicates were within 70% of each other. Correlations were examined for the suite of analysed congeners between blood and various tissues; within select individuals a strong and significant correlation was observed. TEQs were calculated and compared against known toxicity data for bird species. Based on the PCB levels found in this study, no adverse health effects are expected in the birds themselves. ∑PCB concentrations in the breast tissue were also compared against both the Canadian and American guidelines for the consumption of edible poultry and based on these values, the Mallards used in this research would be safe for human consumption.

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Modifications of commercial pressurized solvent extraction (PSE) systems for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in avian whole blood and serum

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Pressurized fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using silanized extraction vessels

Pressurized fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using silanized extraction vessels

Field confirmation of modified pressurized solvent extraction vessels for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in blood samples from Great Lakes Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

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