Modified development of the duodenum of chick embryos hypophysectomized by partial decapitation

Hinni, John B.; Watterson, Ray L.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1051130306

Cited by 61 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Since our 15-day fetal intestine transplants failed to de velop villi when grown in HX hosts, it would be of interest to determine whether the trans plants also fail to develop normal constitu tive enzymes. Our present results, and those of Kendall et al [26] with HX rats are consis tent with the data of Hinni and Watterson [27] who found that hypophysectomy of chick embryos caused impairment of intesti nal growth and differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Growth and Differentiation of Fetal Rat Intestine Transplants: Dependence on Insulin and Growth Hormone

Cooke¹,

Yonemura²,

Russell³

et al. 1986

Neonatology

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We have studied the role of hormones in the growth and differentiation of fetal rat intestine. Pieces of small intestine from 15-day fetal rats were transplanted under the renal capsule of either normal, hypophysectomized (HX), or diabetic adult rats and grown for 11 days. Intestine transplants in control hosts showed normal differentiation and they increased 60-fold in protein content and wet weight. Growth of transplants in HX and diabetic hosts was reduced by 50 and 25%, respectively. Transplants in diabetic hosts were histologically normal, while those in HX hosts failed to develop villi and discrete smooth muscle layers. Normal growth and differentiation in HX and diabetic hosts were completely restored by administration of growth hormone (GH) or insulin, respectively. Our data indicate that both GH and insulin are necessary for normal growth of the transplanted intestine during a period corresponding to late fetal and early neonatal life, but only the former is required for normal differentiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Growth and Differentiation of Fetal Rat Intestine Transplants: Dependence on Insulin and Growth Hormone

Cooke¹,

Yonemura²,

Russell³

et al. 1986

Neonatology

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“…Moog (1950), Hinni and Watterson (1963), and Overton and Shoup (1964) have demonstrated that the chemicals needed by the developing chick embryo for the final growth of the small intestine and the microvilli which line the intestine are the thyroid hormones. Thyroid and adrenal hormones additionally play significant roles in the development of deuodenal morphology and induce the production of the digestive enzymes, maltase, and alkaline phosphatase (Black andMoog, 1977, 1978;Black, 1978;Black et al, 1980).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Supplemental Thyroid Hormones and Hatchability of Turkey Eggs

Christensen

1985

Poultry Science

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Fertile turkey eggs were injected with thyroid hormones to test the effects of exogenous hormones on hatchability. Physiological doses of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) of 50 and 25 ng, respectively, injected at setting, depressed hatchability. Conversely, injections of T4 and T3 at 25 days of incubation significantly (P less than .05) improved hatchability. Injections with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or tyrosine had no significant effect on hatchability when injected at setting or at 25 days of incubation. Injections of thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) had no effect on hatchability when injected at setting but significantly (P less than .05) improved hatchability when injected at 25 days of incubation. Because T4 and T3 significantly (P less than .05) depressed hatchability when injected whereas TSH and TRH had no effect on hatchability when injected at setting, these data suggest classic negative feedback mechanisms function very early in the embryonic turkey. The improvement in hatchability observed when thyroid hormones were injected at 25 days of incubation offers further evidence that hypothyroidism may be a cause of poor hatchability among turkey eggs.

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“…Considerable attention has been focussed on the effect of glucocorticoids on brush border enzymes using intact hypophysectomised and adrenalectomised animals. Hence, it is known that gastrointestinal (GI) synthesis of alkaline phosphatase in mice was increased by cortisone (Moog, 1953) or corticotrophin (ACTH) (Moog and Ford, 1957), and decreased after adrenalectomy (Moog, 1953) or hypophysectomy (Hinni and Watterson, 1963). Henning and Leeper (1982) and Arsenault and Menard (1984) reported that hydrocortisone induced the appearance of sucrase activity and increased activities of trehalase, glucoamylase, lactase and alkaline phosphates in the small intestine of the suckling rodents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of glucocorticoids on gastrointestinal emptying in young broilers

Tur

Esteban²,

Rayó³

et al. 1989

British Poultry Science

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1. The rates of gastrointestinal (GI) emptying of 8- and 15-d-old chickens treated with 17-hydroxycorticosterone was measured using 14C-polyethylene glycol-4000. 2. The rate of progression of intraluminal contents along the GI tract was decreased by 17-hydroxycorticosterone in both 8- and 15-d-old chickens. Glucocorticoid treatment only delayed the rate of progression of intraluminal contents along the large intestine of the older birds. 3. Delayed transit of intraluminal contents could be explained by a precocious maturation of chick GI tract, induced by glucocorticoids. Loss of responsiveness to glucocorticoids occurs during the second week after hatching, except in the large intestine.

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Modified development of the duodenum of chick embryos hypophysectomized by partial decapitation

Cited by 61 publications

References 47 publications

Growth and Differentiation of Fetal Rat Intestine Transplants: Dependence on Insulin and Growth Hormone

Growth and Differentiation of Fetal Rat Intestine Transplants: Dependence on Insulin and Growth Hormone

Supplemental Thyroid Hormones and Hatchability of Turkey Eggs

Effect of glucocorticoids on gastrointestinal emptying in young broilers

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