Modified Higher-Order Sliding Mode Observer-Based Super-Twisting Controller for Perturbed Overhead Cranes

Sliding Mode Observer-Based Super-Twisting Controller for Under-Actuated Bridge Cranes Subject to Double-Pendulum Effect

“…Like Kalman filter, for instance, but with simpler implementation, sliding mode with good noise tolerance can be used to design an observer that drives a state's prediction error to a sliding surface within finite time, where the predictions accurately reflect the actual system's state. Elsewhere, authors such as [25] used modified higher-order SMO on an SP crane while in [26] disturbance observer method was exploited for the prediction of equivalent input perturbations.…”