“…HPM has been used for a wide range of problems; for finding the exact and approximate solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) (Ramos [39]), linear integral equations ( [26], [43]), the integro-differential equations ( [15], [10], [25]) and nonlinear integral equations ( [16], [17], [18]). HPM has mainly two types of modifications ( [17], [18]) and in the recent decades, modified homotopy perturbation method (MHPM) has been used to solve many types of integral equations including SIEs and HSIEs ( [42], [13], [45], [31]).…”