Modified Mediterranean diet and survival: EPIC-elderly prospective cohort study

Trichopoulou, Antonia; Orfanos, Philippos; Norat, Teresa; Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, Bas; Ocké, Marga C.; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Schouw, Yvonne T. van der; Boeing, Heiner; Hoffmann, Kurt; Boffetta, Paolo; Nagel, Gabriële; Masala, Giovanna; Krogh, Vittorio; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Víneis, Paolo; Bamia, Christina; Naska, Androniki; Benetou, Vassiliki; Ferrari, Pietro; Slimani, Nadia; Pera, Guillem; Martínez‐García, Carmen; Navarro, Carmen; Rodriguez‐Barranco, Miguel; Dorronsoro, Miren; Spencer, Elizabeth A.; Key, Timothy J.; Bingham, Sheila; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Kesse, Emmanuelle; Clavel‐Chapelon, Françoise; Boutron‐Ruault, Marie‐Christine; Berglund, Göran; Wirfält, Elisabet; Hallmans, Göran; Johansson, Ingegerd; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Hundborg, Heidi Holmager; Riboli, Elio; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios

doi:10.1136/bmj.38415.644155.8f

Cited by 653 publications

(621 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Other studies have used different dietary patterns to describe diet. The EPIC cohort explored risk of breast cancer with fruit and vegetable consumption and found no associations (van Gils et al, 2005), however, the whole dietary pattern was not considered in that analysis. This may be important, as another analysis of the EPIC data found that although adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet was associated with a significant reduction in total mortality, the associations between each individual food group contributing to the Mediterranean diet score and total mortality were not all individually significant (Trichopoulou et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rumawas et al (2009) have recently described an alternative approach for the derivation of a Mediterranean pattern score for use in non-Mediterranean populations. Jensen et al (2008) used the Mediterranean diet score developed by Trichopoulou et al (2005) to estimate adherence to a hearthealthy diet in a Danish population. A modified version of this score, in which monounsaturated fats are replaced by all unsaturated fats, has been suggested to make its application more suitable to countries in which olive oil is not the main source of unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the Mediterranean dietary pattern or the Healthy Diet Index influence the risk of breast cancer in a large British cohort of women?

et al. 2011

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Background/Objective: To assess the risk of developing breast cancer associated with consumption of two common dietary patterns: a Mediterranean dietary pattern and a dietary pattern, which conforms to the World Health Organization Healthy Diet Index (WHO HDI). Subjects/Methods: Dietary data from a 217-item food frequency questionnaire were used to generate two dietary patterns according to pre-defined criteria in women from the UK Women's Cohort Study. Survival analysis using Cox regression was used to estimate hazards ratios for risk of breast cancer adjusted for known confounders.Results: This analysis included 828 incident cases of breast cancer in 33 731 women with a mean follow-up of 9 years. There were no statistically significant associations between either the Mediterranean dietary pattern or the WHO HDI and risk of breast cancer. In premenopausal women, there was a nonsignificant trend suggesting that increasing compliance with the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of breast cancer. Maximal adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with hazards ratio ¼ 0.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.42-1.02, P trend ¼ 0.09) compared with minimal adherence. In postmenopausal women, no clear trends were observed. Conclusions: In this study, no strong association between the risk of breast cancer and the consumption of either a Mediterranean-type diet or one characterized by adherence to the WHO HDI was observed. In premenopausal, but not postmenopausal women, there was a nonsignificant inverse association with increasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Mediterranean dietary pattern or the Healthy Diet Index influence the risk of breast cancer in a large British cohort of women?

et al. 2011

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“…[3][4][5][6] The mechanisms are still being explored, but longitudinal dietary studies show that individuals consuming a whole food diet consisting of unprocessed fruit and vegetables, lean meat, nuts, and healthy oils-as with the Mediterranean diet-have lower rates of all-cause and cause-specific (CVD, cancer) mortality. 7,8 Conversely, research shows that the modern Western dietary pattern (saturated and trans-fat, refined grains, sugar, salt, etc) is associated with increases in CVD mortality. 9,10 Nutritional purification refers to optimizing the general health and wellness of patients in certain clinical settings using nutrition as the primary therapeutic modality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nutritional program improved lipid profiles and weight in 28 chiropractic patients: a retrospective case series

Powell¹,

Leonard

2008

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Objective: This study retrospectively examined the effects of a 21-day nutritional intervention program, which included fruit and vegetable consumption, energy restriction, and nutritional supplements, on serum lipid measures in 28 chiropractic patients. Methods: Medical records were reviewed for 28 chiropractic patients who had completed a commercially available 21-day nutritional intervention program between April 2005 and August 2007 and for whom complete serum lipid and weight measures immediately pre-and postintervention were available. The primary outcome was change in serum lipids, and change in body weight was a secondary outcome variable. Results: Significant reductions in total, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were observed. Serum triglycerides decreased from 116.3 ± 54.6 (mean ± SD) to 88.6 ± 40.5 mg/dL (P b .01). Total cholesterol decreased from 223.3 ± 40.7 to 176.2 ± 30.0 mg/dL (P b .0001). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased from 145.7 ± 36.8 to 110.9 ± 25.3 mg/dL (P b .0001). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased from 54.3 ± 14.6 to 47.6 ± 10.5 mg/dL (P b .001). Weight for patients decreased from 191.2 ± 38.8 to 182.2 ± 36.3 lb (P b .0001). Conclusions: This retrospective case series supports the hypothesis that a nutritional purification intervention program emphasizing fruit and vegetable consumption, energy restriction, and nutritional supplements reduces serum lipids and weight.

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“…Three studies [82,85,86] assessed adherence to the MedDiet using dietary assessment tools developed in accordance with the MedDiet pyramid [95][96][97]. Bollwein et al [80] assessed dietary adherence using the alternate Mediterranean food (MED) score developed by Fung et al [98] which is an adaptation of the MDS developed by Trichopoulou et al [94] for application in non-Mediterranean populations. Two studies [81,83] applied data-driven (a posteriori) approaches including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to characterize dietary patterns from dietary data collected by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ).…”

Section: Adherence To the Mediterranean Diet Physical Frailty And Samentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used diet quality index was the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) developed by Trichopoulou et al [94], used in six studies [74,[76][77][78][79]84]. Three studies [82,85,86] assessed adherence to the MedDiet using dietary assessment tools developed in accordance with the MedDiet pyramid [95][96][97].…”

Section: Adherence To the Mediterranean Diet Physical Frailty And Samentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet attenuates risk of frailty and sarcopenia: New insights and future directions

McClure

Villani

2017

JCSM Clinical Reports

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Sarcopenia and physical frailty are associated with progressive disability and predictive of negative health outcomes. Dietary interventions are considered the cornerstone in the management of sarcopenic symptomology and physical frailty. However few studies have investigated preventative strategies. Moreover, most studies have focused on the efficacy of individual nutrients or supplements rather than dietary patterns. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a dietary pattern that provides evidence for an association between diet quality, healthy ageing and disease prevention. The purpose of this paper was to examine, synthesise and develop a narrative review of the current literature, investigating the potential benefits associated with adherence to a MedDiet and attenuation of physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology in older adults. We also explored the underlying mechanisms underpinning the potential benefits of the MedDiet on ameliorating physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology. Synthesis of the reviewed literature is suggestive of a decreased risk of physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology with greater adherence to a MedDiet. We identified the anti-inflammatory and high antioxidant components of the MedDiet as two potential biological mechanisms involved. Due to a lack of evidence from RCTs to support the proposed physiological mechanisms, we suggest investigating these observations in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) whom are vulnerable to physical frailty and disability. A number of biological mechanisms describing the pathway to disability in older adults with T2DM have been postulated with many of these mechanisms potentially mitigated with dietary interventions involving the MedDiet. Exploring these mechanisms with the use of well-designed, longer-term dietary intervention studies in older adults with an increased vulnerability to physical frailty and sarcopenia is warranted.

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Modified Mediterranean diet and survival: EPIC-elderly prospective cohort study

Abstract: Objective To examine whether adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet, in which unsaturates were substituted for monounsaturates, is associated with longer life expectancy among elderly Europeans. Design Multicentre, prospective cohort study. Setting Nine European countries

Cited by 653 publications

References 20 publications

Does the Mediterranean dietary pattern or the Healthy Diet Index influence the risk of breast cancer in a large British cohort of women?

Does the Mediterranean dietary pattern or the Healthy Diet Index influence the risk of breast cancer in a large British cohort of women?

A nutritional program improved lipid profiles and weight in 28 chiropractic patients: a retrospective case series

Mediterranean Diet attenuates risk of frailty and sarcopenia: New insights and future directions

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