“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Microfluidic devices are capable of performing many different functions, including sample injection and separation, cell sorting and counting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), species mixing, micro pumping, and microfluidic rectification. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Compared to their large-scale counterparts, miniaturized systems have many important advantages, including a reduced sample and reagent consumption, a more rapid response, an enhanced efficiency, a lower power consumption, an improved sensitivity, lower fabrication and operating costs, greater portability, and the potential for integration with other miniaturized devices.…”