Modified polycarbonate urethane: Synthesis, properties and biological investigation in vitro

Abstract

A new polycarbonate urethane (PCU-I) was synthesized from aliphatic monomers, i.e. polyhexamethylene carbonate diol and 4,4'-methylene-bis cyclohexane diisocyanate, a mixture of low molecular diols, and castor oil (containing mainly the triglyceride of 12-hydroxyoleic acid). The second synthesized polymer (PCU-II) did not contain castor oil. Both PCUs had good tensile strength, i.e. 32.5 and 27.8 MPa for PCU-I and PCU-II, respectively. Modification by castor oil led to a decrease in glass transition temperature (T(g) = -14 degrees C for PCU-I and -6 degrees C for PCU-II) and an increase in the softening temperature (135 and 125 degrees C for PCU-I and PCU-II, respectively). Partial crosslinking of PCU-I increased the storage modulus of elasticity and provided better resistance to sterilization by ETO and gamma radiation. Both PCUs displayed good stability when subjected to sterilization by hydrogen peroxide plasma. Neither PCU caused cytotoxic effect in mouse fibroblasts (3T3 Balb C). They also had no toxic effects on the morphotic components and did not influence changes in the hematologic parameters or plasmatic coagulation system of human blood.

Tailoring the degradation kinetics of poly(ester carbonate urethane)urea thermoplastic elastomers for tissue engineering scaffolds

“…The absorbance peak at 1752 cm −1 was attributed to the carbonyl of the ester, carbonate, urethane and urea groups. A strong peak assigned to the –O-C-O- group of the carbonate group in PECUUs and PCUU was observed at 1260 cm −1 [13], while the peak was not present in the FTIR spectrum of PEUU. Another peak at 799 cm −1 assigned to out-of-plane carbonate bending was shown in the spectra of PECUUs and PCUU.…”

“…To achieve the desired polyurethane behavior, soft segment alteration is a popular and relatively simple approach. In previous studies single component polyesters, such as PCL [14, 21, 33], poly(lactide) (PLA) [34] and poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) [35]), or polycarbonates, such as poly(1,6-hexyl 1,2-ethyl carbonate) [13, 36, 37], poly(1,6-hexamethylene carbonate) [38, 39] and poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) [24, 40], in the polyurethane backbone have been shown to increase lability. For further control over degradation rate and mechanical behavior, polyester copolymers, such as PCL-PEG-PCL [22, 41], PHB containing copolymers [42, 43], and PCL-co-PLA copolymers [44] have been studied.…”

End-point immobilization of heparin on plasma-treated surface of electrospun polycarbonate-urethane vascular graft

“…However, despite their long-term biostability, PUs eventually degrade in vivo ; polyester-based PU is susceptible to hydrolytic degradation in the body, whereas polyether-based PU is prone to oxidative degradation (22–24). As a result, polycarbonate-urethanes (PCUs) have gained more attention and have been used recently for their improved stability and resistance to both hydrolytic and oxidative degradation (25–27). Although PU grafts have been reported to have variable patency rates, which in some studies exhibited lower patency rates compared to ePTFE grafts (28, 29), the newer PCUs with and without modifications have reduced thrombogenicity and better in vivo performance (30, 31).…”

Plasma functionalization of polycarbonaturethane to improve endothelialization—Effect of shear stress as a critical factor for biocompatibility control

“…artificial blood vessels, small-diameter vascular grafts) as they provide relatively beneficial thromboresistance, biocompatibility and mechanical properties similar to the polyether-based polyurethanes. [1][2][3][4] However, thrombus formation remained a critical risk factor. [5][6][7] An effective way to improve hemocompatibility of PCU is to optimize its material surface but not significantly change their intrinsic mechanical properties.…”