Modified sequential extraction for biochar and petroleum coke: Metal release potential and its environmental implications

Gunten, Konstantin von; Alam, Mehboob; Hubmann, Magdalena; Ok, Yong Sik; Konhauser, Kurt O.; Alessi, Daniel S.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.162

Cited by 59 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…While the biochar/soil ratio might be increased to obtain better K loadings, our extensive metal/ metalloid analysis indicates that this ratio as well as the feedstock need to be carefully controlled with regard to release of potentially harmful metals, such as Ba. Tibouchina biochar increased concentration of soil Ba, which can be considered a contaminant in wood biochar (Yargicoglu et al 2015;von Gunten et al 2017). In the present study, Ba was shown to be rather immobile in the investigated soils (high residual fraction), and therefore, it could potentially accumulate over time if biochar was regularly applied as a soil amendment.…”

Section: Biochar-induced Biogeochemical Changesmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…The metal composition of the biochar samples was in general comparable to other wood-derived biochar (von Gunten et al 2017). Both samples were rich in Ca, K, Al, Mg, S, and P, with up to 13 mg/g, 6 mg/g, 5 mg/g, 2 mg/g, 1 mg/g, and 1 mg/g, respectively (Table 3).…”

Section: Biochar Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The high abundance of alkaline elements (e.g., K, Mg, and Ca) and calcite in both biochar samples likely contributes to the high pH of the biochar (Singh et al 2010), ranging between 9.4 and 9.7 (Table 2). Such high values are typical for wood-derived biochar (von Gunten et al 2017). The molar O:C values of the biochar samples were very low (0.002-0.003) suggesting low hydrophilicity (less oxygen-containing groups) and high stability in soil (Spokas 2010; Shen et al 2012) ( Table 3).…”

Section: Biochar Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, biochar itself can carry high concentrations of macro-and micronutrients that can leach into the soil over time. This is certainly the case for wood-derived biochars which have been shown to contain large fractions of exchangeable and acid-soluble metals (von Gunten et al 2017). The availability of metals in wood-derived biochar, which are important for plant growth, makes such materials a promising candidate for soil amendment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest

Gunten

Hubmann

Ineichen³

et al. 2019

Biochar

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Despite an abundance of short-term studies focusing on biochar's effects on annual plants, the long-term effects of biochar on perennial plants and the effects of the biochar on the mobility and speciation changes of metals/metalloids not limited to main plant nutrients in soils are poorly constrained. This study reports on the amelioration a sloped orthic ferralsol by biochar from Tibouchina wood and the resulting effects on perennial crops and microbiota, including a comprehensive analysis of metals/ metalloids speciation changes. Fields were amended with biochar and urine-amended biochar (2 kg/m 2) and were planted with papaya, banana, and manioc. Soil and plant materials were analyzed using acid digestions, sequential extractions, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biochar applications led to decreased soil acidity, shifted the cation exchange capacity from being Al-influenced to being Mg/K/Ca-dominated, and elevated the concentrations of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, and Ba in soils. The exchangeable/acid-soluble fraction of Ca, P, and S notably increased. The soil microbial biome became more species rich and diverse in the biochar-amended fields. Manioc benefited from biochar applications, demonstrating increased growth, which resulted in generally decreased concentrations of trace elements in most plant parts, however, with an increased total elemental uptake. Urine amendment contributed to higher concentrations of P, S, and K in soils, but did not further increase plant growth. Biochar was shown to be a promising soil amendment for agricultural use of orthic ferralsols of the Brazil's Atlantic forest region, but the accumulation of potentially harmful metals needs to be considered.

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Section: Biochar-induced Biogeochemical Changesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Biochar Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Biochar Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest

Gunten

Hubmann

Ineichen³

et al. 2019

Biochar

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“…The remaining solids were re-dispersed in 10 mL ultrapure water, mixed with 5 mL HNO 3 ( 70% w/w), and then heated to 130 • C . After the evaporation of the matrix, the residues were diluted in 2% nitric acid and 0.5% HCl and analyzed by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS/MS; Agilent 8800), using reaction ( O 2 ) and collision gases ( H 2 , He) where necessary to minimize polyatomic interferences (von Gunten et al 2017).…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar colloids and their use in contaminants removal

Safari

Gunten

Alam

et al. 2019

Biochar

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In this study, we report on the extraction, characterization, and potential applications of colloidal biochar derived from pyrolyzed wood-an untapped source of carbonaceous particles. A series of characterizations was performed on biochar colloids to unravel their colloidal properties and surface chemistry through which it was found that they have a net negative charge and are stable between pH 3 and 10. Moreover, our initial toxicity tests showed that biochar colloids themselves are not toxic and they can be used in remediation applications, which led us to investigate (1) their copper sorption, a model inorganic contaminant, in a scenario that biochar colloids are released into the environment and (2) their potential use in organic pollutants adsorption and degradation. Copper sorption studies showed that biochar colloids have a copper sorption capacity as high as 22 mg g −1 in sub-ppm copper solutions. This increased the acute 48 h lethal concentration (LC 50) of copper for Daphnia magna by 21 ppb, which is comparable to the previously reported effect by dissolved organic matter. Adsorption and degradation of methylene blue (MB), an often-used proxy for organic contaminants in water, were studied by coupling the biochar colloids to positively charged TiO 2 nanoparticles and using it as a photocatalyst. The hybrid MB photodegradation efficiency was 21% higher than that of TiO 2 nanoparticles alone. Enhancement of demethylation is proposed as the main degradation mechanism of MB, as confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC/MS), and the positive impact of biochar colloids is ascribed to their abundant adsorption sites, which may facilitate MB adsorption and its photocatalytic degradation.

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Metal‐Loaded Biochar for the Removal of Arsenic from Water: A Critical Review on Overall Effectiveness, Governing Mechanisms, and Influential Factors

et al. 2022

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Arsenic (As) contamination in water sources is a serious threat to safe drinking water afflicting many developed and developing nations. Among the different water treatment techniques, arsenic removal using metal‐loaded biochar has gained considerable interest as an efficient environmentally sustainable adsorbent. This review critically focuses on an in‐depth analysis of different adsorption mechanisms and various physicochemical properties such as pH, surface area and surface charge, porosity, and functional groups of the metal‐loaded biochar that are significant for As adsorption, which has not been previously described. It centers on addressing the overall effectiveness, governing mechanisms, and influential factors of metal‐loaded biochars for As removal from the aqueous medium. Special consideration on oxidation of arsenite to arsente and its removal was given. The oxidation processes are also effective in reducing arsenic toxicity by oxidation of arsenite to arsenate. A comprehensive insight into the utility of biochar for As removal for future field applications of biochar is delineated.

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Modified sequential extraction for biochar and petroleum coke: Metal release potential and its environmental implications

Cited by 59 publications

References 17 publications

Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest

Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest

Biochar colloids and their use in contaminants removal

Metal‐Loaded Biochar for the Removal of Arsenic from Water: A Critical Review on Overall Effectiveness, Governing Mechanisms, and Influential Factors

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