MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration improvements for Collection 7

Chang, Tiejun; Shrestha, Ashish; Diaz, Carlos Perez; Chen, Na; Wu, Aisheng; Wilson, Truman; Li, Yonghong; Xiong, Xiaoxiong

doi:10.1117/12.2597523

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In Terra MODIS C7, electronic crosstalk corrections are applied to these detectors as well. In the case of Aqua MODIS, while it can be observed in many of the TEB, the electronic crosstalk contamination is significantly smaller when compared to the same bands for Terra MODIS 13 . However, the March 2022 Aqua safe mode induced a significant increase in the electronic crosstalk between its MODIS PV LWIR bands 14 .…”

Section: Electronic Crosstalkmentioning

confidence: 84%

An update on the MODIS thermal emissive bands on-orbit performance

Pérez Díaz,

Chang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Earth Observing Systems XXVIII

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The MODIS instrument onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites provides key measurements of various environmental parameters such as the land, ocean, and atmosphere. After over two decades of successful operations, both sensors experienced anomalies in the year 2022. In March, the Aqua spacecraft and, subsequently, the MODIS instrument entered a safe mode, and Terra MODIS experienced a Command Processor and Format Processor (CP/FP) reset. Separately, the Terra constellation exit maneuver (CEM) was performed in October, which included the transition of the MODIS instrument into a safe configuration as well.While MODIS has 16 infrared channels referred to as the thermal emissive bands (TEB), only the longwave infrared bands (27-30) were significantly impacted due to an increase in electronic crosstalk contamination after the Aqua MODIS sensor entered into safe mode. Crosstalk corrections have been applied to these bands to maintain the Level 1B product quality. Although to a lesser extent, the same MODIS bands were affected due to a slight increase in electronic crosstalk contamination after the Terra CEM was completed. Lastly, the Terra MODIS CP/FP reset had an effect on the digital output that transferred onto its photovoltaic bands due to their calibration algorithm. This paper presents the impacts of these events on the instruments' TEB performance, and the subsequent changes made to their respective calibration algorithms.

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Section: Electronic Crosstalkmentioning

confidence: 84%

An update on the MODIS thermal emissive bands on-orbit performance

Pérez Díaz,

Chang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Earth Observing Systems XXVIII

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“…For the TEB, the Collection 7 algorithm includes several major improvements. 32 Evidence of electronic crosstalk contamination has been observed in lunar images from both the MWIR and LWIR bands as well as Earth-scene imagery, and the contamination has increased over the mission for many bands. The magnitudes of the contamination showed a significant increase for the Aqua PV LWIR bands, 27 to 30, after the instrument underwent a safe-mode event in March 2022.…”

Section: Spatial and Spectral Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the TEB, the Collection 7 algorithm includes several major improvements 32 . Evidence of electronic crosstalk contamination has been observed in lunar images from both the MWIR and LWIR bands as well as Earth-scene imagery, and the contamination has increased over the mission for many bands.…”

Section: Recent Calibration Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqua MODIS: 20 years of on-orbit calibration and performance

Xiong

Angal

Chang

et al. 2023

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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Since its launch in May, 2002, Aqua MODIS has successfully operated for more than 20 years and has continuously generated a wide range of data products that have enabled and supported the remote sensing community and users worldwide for their studies of the Earth's system by monitoring changes in its key environmental parameters. Although Aqua MODIS, designed with a lifetime requirement of 6 years, is currently operated in its extended mission phase, it continues to make high quality global observations of the Earth's surface via its 36 spectral bands that cover wavelengths from visible to long-wave infrared. To date, all instrument on-board calibrators (OBC) remain capable of performing their design functions, providing various calibration data sets to help monitor on-orbit changes in sensor responses and performance characteristics. In addition to the OBC, regularly scheduled lunar observations and select Earth-view targets are used extensively to support sensor on-orbit calibration, especially for the calibration of the visible channels (or bands). We provide an overview of Aqua MODIS on-orbit calibration activities and methodologies for both reflective solar bands and thermal emissive bands, illustrate its on-orbit performance over the past 20 years using examples derived from OBC measurements, lunar observations, and Earth-view response trends, and describe various calibration improvements made over its entire mission. We focus on key issues identified since launch, such as solar diffuser degradation, electronic crosstalk, and on-orbit changes in sensor response versus scan-angle, along with approaches and strategies developed to mitigate their impact on sensor calibration quality. Also discussed in this paper are some of the key calibration enhancements incorporated recently in the Collection 6.1 and the upcoming Collection 7 Level-1B algorithms.

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