Modular 3D printable orthodontic measuring apparatus for force and torque measurements of thermoplastic/removable appliances

Behyar, Masoud; Ratzmann, Anja; Khatouni, Sohrab Shojaei; Quasthoff, Maximilian; Pink, Christiane; Ladisch, Jens; Krey, Karl-Friedrich

doi:10.1515/bmt-2020-0294

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…However, aligners have drawbacks, such as achieving good occlusal contacts, retention, and tooth torque. The evidence on the effectiveness of 3D aligners in correcting malocclusion in comparison to conventional thermoformed aligners is lacking, and a more recent update on the systematic reviews and meta-analysis in this issue is warranted [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Both therapies also have an impact on the oral microbiota and change in oral flora over a period of time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Thermoformed and 3D Printed Aligners in Correcting Malocclusion (Spacing) and Its Impact on Periodontal Oral Health and Oral Microbiome: A Double-Blinded Parallel Randomized Controlled Multicenter Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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Aligners are the common devices used in orthodontics for the correction of malocclusion. Various materials and techniques are employed to fabricate aligners. One of those includes thermoformed and 3D aligners. These aligners can be worn for several days, and their impact on periodontal health is not known. Therefore, the aim of our protocol is to determine the effectiveness of these aligners in correcting malocclusion and their impact on periodontal health and oral microbiome. A double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial with a total of n = 60 patients will be included with n = 30 in each group (Test: 3D printed aligners and Control: Thermoformed). The evaluation of oral health indices such as basic periodontal examination (BPE), periodontal screening and recording (PSR) that provide the status of periodontal health will be recorded. The oral microbiome assessment will be conducted with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The primary endpoint will be the correction of malocclusion, and the secondary end point will be the status of periodontal health and oral microbiome. The duration of follow-up for each group will be 7 days for periodontal health and oral microbiome and 6 months for the space closure of 5 mm by 3D and thermoformed aligners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Thermoformed and 3D Printed Aligners in Correcting Malocclusion (Spacing) and Its Impact on Periodontal Oral Health and Oral Microbiome: A Double-Blinded Parallel Randomized Controlled Multicenter Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF): influence of layer height on forces and moments delivered by aligners—an in vitro study

et al. 2023

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Objectives To investigate the effect of layer height of FFF-printed models on aligner force transmission to a second maxillary premolar during buccal torquing, distalization, extrusion, and rotation using differing foil thicknesses. Materials and methods Utilizing OnyxCeph3™ Lab (Image Instruments GmbH, Chemnitz, Germany, Release Version 3.2.185), the following movements were programmed for the second premolar: buccal torque (0.1–0.5 mm), distalization (0.1–0.4 mm), extrusion (0.1–0.4 mm), rotation (0.1–0.5 mm), and staging 0.1 mm. Via FFF, 91 maxillary models were printed for each staging at different layer heights (100 µm, 150 µm, 200 µm, 250 µm, 300 µm). Hence, 182 aligners, made of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) with two thicknesses (0.5 mm and 0.75 mm), were prepared. The test setup comprised an acrylic maxillary model with the second premolar separated and mounted on a sensor, measuring initial forces and moments exerted by the aligners. A generalized linear model for the gamma distribution was applied, evaluating the significance of the factors layer height, type of movement, aligner thickness, and staging on aligner force transmission. Results Foil thickness and staging were found to have a significant influence on forces delivered by aligners, whereas no significance was determined for layer height and type of movement. Nevertheless, at a layer height of 150 µm, the most appropriate force transmission was observed. Conclusions Printing aligner models at particularly low layer heights leads to uneconomically high print time without perceptible better force delivery properties, whereas higher layer heights provoke higher unpredictability of forces due to scattering. A z-resolution of 150 µm appears ideal for in-office aligner production combining advantages of economic print time and optimal force transmission.

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Orthodontic force measurement methods for clear aligners—A review

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2023

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Modular 3D printable orthodontic measuring apparatus for force and torque measurements of thermoplastic/removable appliances

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Thermoformed and 3D Printed Aligners in Correcting Malocclusion (Spacing) and Its Impact on Periodontal Oral Health and Oral Microbiome: A Double-Blinded Parallel Randomized Controlled Multicenter Clinical Trial

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Thermoformed and 3D Printed Aligners in Correcting Malocclusion (Spacing) and Its Impact on Periodontal Oral Health and Oral Microbiome: A Double-Blinded Parallel Randomized Controlled Multicenter Clinical Trial

Fused filament fabrication (FFF): influence of layer height on forces and moments delivered by aligners—an in vitro study

Orthodontic force measurement methods for clear aligners—A review

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