Modular logic gates: cascading independent logic gates via metal ion signals

Eçik, Esra Tanrıverdi; Atilgan, Ahmet; Guliyev, Ruslan; Uyar, Taha Bilal; Gümüş, Ayşegül; Akkaya, Engin U.

doi:10.1039/c3dt52375f

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Linking outputs of upper layer of ac ascaded circuit with lower layer of the circuit could be implemented either by "packing" the molecules to achieveaproximity between upper layer outputs and lower layer inputs, or using metal ionsa s proposed in ref. [39] In future physical realisations of gates we must excite inputs and detects ignals on outputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computing in Verotoxin

Adamatzky

2017

ChemPhysChem

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We develop an excitable automata model of a protein verotoxin and demonstrate that logic gates and circuits are realised in the model via interacting patterns of excitation. By sampling potential input pairs of nodes, we calculate frequencies of logic gates which occurred in the verotoxin model for various parameters of node excitation rules. We show that overall the gates can be arranged in the following hierarchy of descending frequencies: AND>OR>AND‐NOT>XOR. We demonstrate realisations of one‐bit half‐adder and controlled‐not gates and estimate memory capacity of the verotoxin molecule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computing in Verotoxin

Adamatzky

2017

ChemPhysChem

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“…Towards the long-standing goal of molecular computers, there is also an ongoing research aimed at development of efficient and reliable techniques to connect these switches with each other to enable more advanced processing. Current approaches in this context are mostly based on the use of chemical signals to carry the output information of one logic gate to the input of another [41], [42]. However, communication with chemical signals is a very slow process, and its reliability is also another challenge.…”

Section: A Molecular Information Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Internet of Molecular Things Based on FRET

Kuscu

Akan

2016

IEEE Internet Things J.

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Molecular devices, which consist of single or a few molecules, are envisioned to perform advanced tasks such as molecular information processing and collaborative sensing/actuating if they are operated in a cooperative manner. To connect these nanoscopic primitive devices with each other and with macroscale networks, and thus, to realize the internet of molecular devices, requires fundamentally different and novel approaches, other than the molecular or electromagnetic nanocommunications. Recently, we proposed and studied the use of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), which is a shortrange nonradiative energy transfer process between fluorophores, as a high-rate and reliable wireless communication mechanism to connect fluorophore-based photoactive molecular devices. In this paper, we provide an in-depth architectural view of this new communication paradigm with a focus on its peculiarities, fundamental principles and design requirements by comprehensively surveying the theoretical and experimental positions and ideas. We give an overview of networking opportunities offered by the intrinsic capabilities of fluorophores under the novel concept of Internet of Molecular Things. We present some prospective applications, theoretical modeling approaches and experimental opportunities, and finally discuss the implementation challenges.

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“…7 We now use pH sensors to lift the field of molecular logic-based computation [8][9][10][11][12][13] to a much higher plane by demonstrating human-level computing by small molecules. Important advances in the level of complexity of molecular logic have been achieved by using chemical species to link gates, [14][15][16][17] by employing multi-component photochromics, 18,19 by using cuvet arrays, 20,21 and by the use of algorithmic pipeting protocols in multiwell plates. 22 We present the first instance of small synthetic molecules performing a major computation that humans do often during each waking hour.…”

Section: Supporting Information Placeholdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Building pH Sensors into Paper-Based Small-Molecular Logic Systems for Very Simple Detection of Edges of Objects

Ling¹,

Naren

Kelly³

et al. 2015

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Genetically engineered bacteria and reactive DNA networks detect edges of objects, as done in our retinas and as also found within computer vision. We now demonstrate that simple molecular logic systems (a combination of a pH sensor, a photo acid generator, and a pH buffer spread on paper) without any organization can achieve this relatively complex computational goal with good fidelity. This causes a jump in the complexity achievable by molecular logic-based computation and extends its applicability. The molecular species involved in light dose-driven "off−on−off" fluorescence is diverted in the "on" state by proton diffusion from irradiated to unirradiated regions where it escapes a strong quencher, thus visualizing the edge of a mask.

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Modular logic gates: cascading independent logic gates via metal ion signals

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Computing in Verotoxin

Computing in Verotoxin

The Internet of Molecular Things Based on FRET

Building pH Sensors into Paper-Based Small-Molecular Logic Systems for Very Simple Detection of Edges of Objects

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