Modular Spectrometers in the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory

Elemental Profiling: Its Role and Regulations

“…The analytical techniques studied nevertheless reached detection limits below the ng/g level for chromium, manganese and vanadium, i.e. the level at which these elements are expected to occur in some specimens Watson, 1998;Bernazzani, 2001). …”

“…The selective excitation of the AFS technique can lead to fewer spectral interferences than in OES. However, it is difficult to detect a large number of elements in a single run using AFS, as the number of spectral excitation sources and detectors that can be used at one time is limited by the instrument (Smith et al, 1995;Bernazzani & Paquin, 2001). Another technique, called atomic mass spectrometry, is related to three atomic spectroscopy techniques described above.…”

“…As a result of these advantages AES technique are popular in analytical laboratories. Over the past decade, a new generation of spectrometer configurations based on charge coupled device (CCD) detectors has appeared (Hiefje, 2000;Bernazzani & Paquin, 2001) Some of them are simple and low-cost. The perfect atomic emission source would have the following characteristics: 1.…”

Flash Photolysis Experiment of o-Methyl Red as a Function of pH: A Low-Cost Experiment for the Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Lab

“…The use of spectrometers with CCD array detectors has been proposed for many experiments in undergraduate chemistry laboratories. , As many of these spectrometers are capable of measuring kinetics, this experiment is easy and inexpensive for many schools to adopt. Ref presents a method for making a temperature controlled sample holder for a flash photolysis experiment using a three-dimensional printer.…”

Educational Multiwavelength Atomic Emission Spectrometer

“…[1,4] Some of them are simple and low-cost. As an example, a multielement atomic absorption instrument has been proposed [5] and a design of a Raman spectrometer has been described.…”